PSYC 1100 1nd Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I Neurons continued a Glia b White Matter c Grey Matter II Neurotransmitters III Reciprocal Inhibition IV Learning Outline of Current Lecture I Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery II Observations on Conditioning III Higher Order Conditioning Current Lecture I Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery Extinction CR declines and disappears over trials without US o Due to buildup of inhibition Spontaneous Recovery after rest interval extinguished CR reappears close to its previous strength and extinguishes fast the next time o Do to the dissipation of inhibition These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II Observations on Conditioning Involve involuntary responses Contiguity closeness in time is basis or acquisition of conditioned reflex The optimal time interval between CS and US differs depending on particular response being conditioned o number of trials required for conditioning varies too o Example it takes 5 30 seconds for dog s salivation response 5 seconds required for human eye blink response A more intense CS produces a greater CR o Example louder tone brighter light more salivation III Higher Order Conditioning 1 Establish CS o bell salivation 2 New CS is paired with old CS without US o tone bell salivation 3 Eventually the new CS is established without US o Tone salivation This process is called second order conditioning The US acts as a reinforcer for the conditioned reflex In higher order conditioning a CS acts like a US Secondary Reinforcer