Vowel Shift continuedLinguistics 696b (Spring 2005)(1) Newton [n´ut@n] Newtonian [n`ut´oni@n]verbose [vr"b´os] verbosity [vr"b´As@Ri]profundity [pr@f´2nd@Ri] profound [pr`of´awnd](2) ¯ı ¯u ¯e ¯o ¯æ ¯O input↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓¯ıy ¯uw ¯ey ¯ow ¯æy ¯Ow diphthongization↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓¯ey ¯ow ¯ıy ¯uw n/a n/a vowel shift↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓¯æy ¯Ow n/a n/a ¯ey ¯ow vowel shift(3) habit [h´æb@t] habitual [h@b´Iˇcu@l]proverb [pr´Av`r"b] proverbial [pr@v´r"bi@l]sober [s´obr"] sobriety [s@br´ay@Ri]proper [pr´Apr"] propriety [pr@pr´ay@Ri](4) u →"+tense−round#/ C10V(5) [u] blew, bloom, blue, blues, boo, boom, boon, boost, boot, booth, booths, booze, brew, brood,broom, bruise, bruit, brute, butte, chew, choose, chute, clew, clue, coo, cool, coon, coop,coot, coup, crew, croon, croup, crude, cruel, cruise, cruse, cube, cue, cute, deuce, dew, do,doom, douche, douse, drew, drool, droop, dude, due, duke, dune, dupe, ewe, feud, few, flew,flu, flue, fluke, flume, flute, food, fool, fruit, fuel, fugue, fume, fuse, ghoul, gloom, glue,gnu, goo, goof, goose, grew, groom, groove, group, gruel, hew, hewn, hoop, hoot, hue, huge,juice, jute, knew, leu, lewd, lieu, loom, loon, loop, loose, loot, lose, lute, mew, mews, moo,mood, moon, moose, moot, moue, mousse, move, mule, muse, mute, new, news, newt, noon,noose, nude, ooze, pew, plume, pool, poop, proof, prove, prude, prune, puke, pul, pule, q,queue, rheum, rood, roof, room, roost, root, rouge, route, rude, rue, rule, rune, ruse, school,scoop, screw, shoe, shoot, shrew, shrewd, skew, sleuth, slew, sloop, slough, sluice, smooth,snoop, snooze, soon, sooth, soothe, soup, spew, spoof, spook, spool, spoon, spruce, spume,stew, stooge, stool, stoop, strew, strewn, sue, suit, swoon, swoop, thew, threw, through, to,tomb, too, tool, toot, tooth, toothed, troop, troupe, truce, true, truth, tube, tulle, tune, tuque,two, use, view, who, whom, whoop, whose, womb, woo, yew, you, youth, yule, zoo, zoom(6) [U] book, boor, bourse, brook, bull, bush, cook, could, crook, cure, foot, full, good, gourde,hood, hoof, hook, hooves, look, lure, moor, nook, poor, pour, pull, pure, push, put, putsch,qursh, rook, shook, should, soot, spoor, stood, sure, took, tour, wolf, wolves, wood, woods,woof, wool, would, your, yours1(7) [2] blood, bluff, blunt, blush, brunch, brunt, brush, brusque, buck, bud, budge, buff, bug, bulb,bulge, bulk, bum, bump, bun, bunch, bung, bunk, bunt, bus, buss, bust, but, butt, buzz, chub,chuck, chug, chum, chump, chunk, club, cluck, clump, clung, clutch, come, crumb, crunch,crush, crust, crutch, crux, cub, cud, cuff, cull, cult, cup, cusp, cut, does, done, drub, drudge,drug, drum, drunk, dub, duck, duct, dud, dug, dull, dumb, dump, dumps, dun, dunce, dung,dunk, dusk, dust, dutch, flood, fluff, flung, flunk, flush, flux, from, front, fudge, fun, fund,funk, fuss, fuzz, glove, glum, glut, golf, grub, grudge, gruff, grunt, gulch, gulf, gull, gulp,gum, gun, gush, gust, gut, hub, huff, hug, hulk, hull, hum, hump, hunch, hung, hunk, hunt,hush, husk, hut, hutch, judge, jug, jump, junk, just, jut, love, luck, luff, lug, lull, lump,lunch, lung, lunge, lush, lust, monk, month, much, muck, mud, muff, mug, mulch, mulct,mull, mum, mumps, munch, mush, musk, muss, must, mutt, none, nub, nudge, null, numb,nun, nut, nuts, once, one, pluck, plug, plum, plumb, plump, plunge, plunk, plus, plush, pub,puck, puff, pug, pulp, pulse, pump, pun, punch, punk, punt, pup, pus, putt, rough, rub, ruff,ruffed, rug, rum, rump, run, rung, runt, rush, rusk, rust, rut, scrub, scruff, scud, scull,scum, shove, shrub, shrug, shrunk, shuck, shun, shunt, shut, skulk, skull, skunk, sludge,slug, slum, slump, slung, slunk, slush, slut, smudge, smug, smut, smutch, snub, snuff, snug,some, son, sponge, sprung, spud, spun, spunk, struck, strum, strung, strut, stub, stuck,stud, stuff, stump, stun, stung, stunk, stunt, sub, such, suck, suds, sulk, sum, sun, sung,sunk, sup, swum, swung, thrum, thrush, thrust, thud, thug, thumb, thump, thus, ton, tongue,touch, tough, truck, trudge, trump, trunk, truss, trust, tub, tuck, tuft, tug, tun, tusk, tusked,up, us, won, wrung, young(8) [aw] blouse, bough, bounce, bound, bout, brow, brown, browse, chiao, chow, cloud, clout,clown, couch, count, cow, cowl, crouch, crowd, crown, dhow, doubt, dour, down, dowse,drouth, drown, drow se, flounce, flour, flout, foul, found, fount, fowl, frown, gouge, gout,gown, grouch, ground, grouse, growl, hound, hour, house, how, howl, jounce, joust, jowl,kraut, loud, lounge, lour, louse, lout, mound, mount, mouse, mouth, mow, noun, now,ounce, our, ours, oust, out, owl, plough, pouch, pounce, pound, pout, proud, prow, prowl,round, rouse, rout, scour, scout, scow, scowl, shout, shroud, slouch, snout, sough, sound,sour, souse, south, sow, spout, sprout, stout, thou, tout, town , trounce, trout, vouch, vow,wound, yowl, zounds2(9) [A] alms, angst, arc, arch, are, ark, arm, art, baht, balm, bar, barb, barbed, bard, barge,bark, barn, barred, blob, bloc, block, blonde, blot, blotch, bob, bock, bomb, bond, bosh, botch,box, bra, bronze, calm, car, card, carp, cart, carve, char, chard, charge, charm, chart, chock,chon, chop, chops, clock, clod, clog, clop, clot, cob, cock, cod, cog, con, conch, conchs, conk,cop, copse, cot, crock, crop, crotch, czar, dark, darn, dart, dock, dodge, doff, doll, don, dot,drop, dross, far, farce, farm, flock, flog, flop, fob, fond, font , fop, fox, foxed, frock, frond,garb, glob, gnarl, gob, god, got, grog, grot, guard, hard, hark, harm, harp, harsh, hart, heart,hearth, hob, hock, hod, hop, hot, jar, job, jog, josh, joss, jot, khan, knob, knobbed, knock,knot, larch, lard, large, lark, lob, loch, lock, lodge, loll, lop, lot, lox, ma, mar, march, marge,mark, marked, marl, marsh, mart, mob, mock, moll, mop, mosque, nard, nod, nonce, not,notch, odd, odds, opt, ox, pa, palm, par, parch, pard, park, parse, part, pas, phlox, plod,plop, plot, pock, pod, pomp, pond, pop, posh, pot, pox, pram, prod, prom, prompt, prop,psalm, quad, quaff, qualm, quash, r, rob, rock, rod, romp, rot, scar, scarf, scarves, scoff,scot, scotch, shard, shark, sharp, shock, shod, shop, shot, slop, slot, smart, smock, snarl,snob, sob, sock, sod, sop, sot, spa, spar, spark, sparse, splotch, spot, squab, squad, squash,squat, star, starch, stark, start, starve, stock, stop, strop, suave, swab, swamp, swan, swap,swash, swat, swath, swathe, tar, tarn, tart, throb, tog, togs, tongs, top, tops, tot, trod,