Slide 1LEARNING OBJECTIVESSlide 3MANAGEMENT CHALLENGESPROTOCOLNETWORK TOPOLOGIESSlide 7Slide 8LOCAL NETWORKSLOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)WIDE - AREA NETWORK (WAN)VALUE-ADDED NETWORK (VAN)NETWORK SERVICESPACKET SWITCHING (X.25):ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM):INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN):OTHER SERVICES:ENTERPRISE NETWORKINTERNETWORKINGCONNECTIVITYTRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP / IP)Slide 22OPEN SYSTEM INTERCONNECT (OSI)FACILITATING APPLICATIONSELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI)PROBLEMS POSED BY ENTERPRISE NETWORKINGCOSTS OF CLIENT/SERVER SYSTEMSTELECOMMUNICATIONS PLAN:IMPLEMENTATION FACTORS9.1LEARNING OBJECTIVESLEARNING OBJECTIVES•COMPARE TYPES OF COMPARE TYPES OF NETWORKS & NETWORK NETWORKS & NETWORK SERVICESSERVICES**9.2LEARNING OBJECTIVESLEARNING OBJECTIVES•DESCRIBE CONNECTIVITY NETWORK DESCRIBE CONNECTIVITY NETWORK STANDARDSSTANDARDS•IDENTIFY APPLICATIONS FOR IDENTIFY APPLICATIONS FOR SUPPORTING ELECTRONIC SUPPORTING ELECTRONIC COMMERCE, BUSINESSCOMMERCE, BUSINESS•ANALYZE MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS ANALYZE MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF OF NETWORKINGNETWORKING**9.3MANAGEMENT CHALLENGESMANAGEMENT CHALLENGES•TELECOMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTIONTELECOMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTION•COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONS OF COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMTELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM•COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSCOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS•ELECTRONIC COMMERCE, ELECTRONIC ELECTRONIC COMMERCE, ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIESBUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES•MANAGEMENT ISSUES, DECISIONSMANAGEMENT ISSUES, DECISIONS**9.4PROTOCOLPROTOCOLRULES & PROCEDURESRULES & PROCEDURESTO GOVERN TRANSMISSIONTO GOVERN TRANSMISSIONBETWEEN COMPONENTS BETWEEN COMPONENTS IN A NETWORKIN A NETWORK**9.8NETWORK TOPOLOGIESNETWORK TOPOLOGIES HOSTHOST USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER USERUSERSTAR9.19NETWORK TOPOLOGIESNETWORK TOPOLOGIESBUS USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER9.20NETWORK TOPOLOGIESNETWORK TOPOLOGIES USERUSER USERUSER USERUSER USERUSERRING9.21LOCAL NETWORKSLOCAL NETWORKS•PRIVATE BRANCH EXCHANGE (PBX):PRIVATE BRANCH EXCHANGE (PBX): firm’s central switching systemfirm’s central switching system•LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN):LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN): dedicated dedicated channels; limited distance (less than 2000 channels; limited distance (less than 2000 foot radius); higher capacity than PBX. foot radius); higher capacity than PBX. Can share expensive hardware & softwareCan share expensive hardware & software**9.22LOCAL AREA NETWORK LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)(LAN)•SERVER:SERVER: stores programs, data; determines stores programs, data; determines access to networkaccess to network•GATEWAY:GATEWAY: connection to other networksconnection to other networks•NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS):NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS): manages file server; routes communications manages file server; routes communications on networkon network•PEER - TO - PEER:PEER - TO - PEER: in some small networks all in some small networks all computers have equal powercomputers have equal power**9.23NETWORK SPANS LARGE GEOGRAPHIC NETWORK SPANS LARGE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCESDISTANCESCAN INCLUDE CABLE, SATELLITE, CAN INCLUDE CABLE, SATELLITE, MICROWAVEMICROWAVE•SWITCHED LINES:SWITCHED LINES: Route Determined by Route Determined by Current TrafficCurrent Traffic•DEDICATED LINES:DEDICATED LINES: Constantly Available for Constantly Available for High-Volume TrafficHigh-Volume Traffic**WIDE - AREA NETWORK WIDE - AREA NETWORK (WAN)(WAN)9.24VALUE-ADDED VALUE-ADDED NETWORK (VAN)NETWORK (VAN)•PRIVATE; MULTIPATH; DATA ONLYPRIVATE; MULTIPATH; DATA ONLY•3rd PARTY MANAGED3rd PARTY MANAGED•USED BY SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONSUSED BY SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS•SUBSCRIPTION BASISSUBSCRIPTION BASIS**9.25NETWORK SERVICESNETWORK SERVICES•PACKET SWITCHINGPACKET SWITCHING•FRAME RELAYFRAME RELAY•ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE (ATM)(ATM)•INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKINTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK•DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINEDIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE•CABLE MODEMCABLE MODEM•T1 LINET1 LINE**9.26PACKET SWITCHING PACKET SWITCHING (X.25)(X.25)::•FORM OF FORM OF Value Added NetworkValue Added Network•BREAKS DATA BLOCKS INTO BREAKS DATA BLOCKS INTO SMALL PACKETS (e.g.: 128 Bytes)SMALL PACKETS (e.g.: 128 Bytes)•PACKETS ROUTED BY MOST PACKETS ROUTED BY MOST ECONOMICAL MEANSECONOMICAL MEANS•REASSEMBLED AT DESTINATIONREASSEMBLED AT DESTINATION**9.27ASYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE TRANSFER MODE (ATM)(ATM)::•CELL: 53 Groups of 8 Bytes EachCELL: 53 Groups of 8 Bytes Each•USES FIBER OPTICS CABLEUSES FIBER OPTICS CABLE•INDEPENDENT OF VENDOR INDEPENDENT OF VENDOR HARDWARE SPEEDSHARDWARE SPEEDS•CAN TIE LAN TO WANCAN TIE LAN TO WAN**9.28INTEGRATED SERVICES INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN)(ISDN)::INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR TRANSMITTING VOICE, VIDEO, DATATRANSMITTING VOICE, VIDEO, DATAOVER PUBLIC TELEPHONE LINESOVER PUBLIC TELEPHONE LINES**9.29OTHER SERVICES:OTHER SERVICES:•DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL)(DSL):: enhancing capacity over copper enhancing capacity over copper telephone linestelephone lines•CABLE MODEM:CABLE MODEM: modem for cable TV for modem for cable TV for high-speed access to Internethigh-speed access to Internet•T1 LINE:T1 LINE: dedicated telephone connection, dedicated telephone connection, 24 channels @ 1.544 megabits per second24 channels @ 1.544 megabits per second**9.30•HARDWARE; SOFTWARE; HARDWARE; SOFTWARE; TELECOMMUNICATIONS, DATA TELECOMMUNICATIONS, DATA RESOURCESRESOURCES•MORE COMPUTING POWER ON THE MORE COMPUTING POWER ON THE DESKTOPDESKTOP•NETWORK LINKING SMALLER NETWORK LINKING SMALLER NETWORKSNETWORKS**ENTERPRISE NETWORKENTERPRISE NETWORK9.31INTERNETWORKINGINTERNETWORKINGLINK NETWORKSLINK NETWORKSEACH RETAINS IDENTITYEACH RETAINS IDENTITYINTO INTERCONNECTED NETWORKINTO INTERCONNECTED NETWORK**9.32NETWORK ANETWORK BNETWORK CCONNECTIVITYCONNECTIVITY MEASURE OF ABILITY OF COMPUTING MEASURE OF ABILITY OF COMPUTING DEVICES TO PASS & SHARE DEVICES TO PASS & SHARE INFORMATION WITHOUT HUMAN INFORMATION WITHOUT HUMAN INTERVENTIONINTERVENTION OPEN SYSTEMS: Software Able to OPEN SYSTEMS: Software Able to Function on Different Computer Platforms. Function on Different Computer Platforms. Nonproprietary Operating Systems, Nonproprietary Operating Systems, Applications, ProtocolsApplications, Protocols**9.33TRANSMISSION CONTROL TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL / INTERNET