Geog 192 – Urban GIS ApplicationsUNC GIS ResourcesLecture 1 - Introduction1-2 Intelligent GIS1-3 Spatial Analysis1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)Slide 81-4 Spatial Data1-4 Spatial Data (Cont.)1-5 New Technologies19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC11Geog 192 – Urban GIS ApplicationsLecturer - Jun LiangDepartment of Geography, UNC @ Chapel HillJanuary 12th, 2005 Email: [email protected]/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC22UNC GIS ResourcesUNC GIS ResourcesCheck http://gis.unc.edu/DataSoftwareHardwarePeopleUNC Computing EnvironmentONYEN, AFS, Web Space, FTP, Mass Storage Space.19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC33Lecture 1 - IntroductionLecture 1 - Introduction1-1 The architecture of a GIS•Data Collection, input and correction•Storage and retrieval•Manipulation and analysis•Output and reportingExample – allocation, new hospital site selection; crime pattern simulation; power shortage diagnosis.19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC441-2 Intelligent GIS1-2 Intelligent GISBackbone of GIS – The third component in GIS’s architecture (Data manipulation and analysis.)Objective of applying GIS to research /business /government management: better understanding, better planning (spatial decision support system).How? Need to integrate geographical information systems technology with geographical modelling techniques.19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC55 1-3 Spatial Analysis1-3 Spatial AnalysisVarious application fields VS. various spatial analysis techniquesUrban application fields:-Transportation-Crime-Market analysis-Health-care-Migration, etc.19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC661-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.) 1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.) Spatial analysis techniques:-Basic operations (overlay, buffer, neighborhood functions, etc.)-Spatial interaction modelling (Gravity model, diffusion model, etc.)-Network models.-Spatial statistics.-Simulation models (Cellular Automata.)19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC771-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)•Make decisions – which spatial technique /techniques should I choose for my project?Problem A (transportation) Problem B (health-care) Problem c (market research) Spatial Interaction ModelsNetwork modelsBasic Spatial Operations19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC881-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)1-3 Spatial Analysis (Cont.)Integration of spatial models and GIS-Loose-couple-Tight-coupleQuestion:(1) Software Limitation.(2) Abilities of coding.19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC991-4 Spatial Data1-4 Spatial DataSpatial objects:-point, line, area and surface.Digital formats (data structures) for managing spatial objects (captured, stored, retrieved and analyzed):- vector, raster and TIN (triangulated irregular network.)19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC10101-4 Spatial Data (Cont.)1-4 Spatial Data (Cont.)How do spatial objects link to their attributes (for vector data)? (ID)They usually are not stored together, and linked through common identification number. Example: Land-use map.And, how you link your attribute data to a base map?19/1/1419/1/14Jun Liang, Geography @ UNCJun Liang, Geography @ UNC11111-5 New Technologies1-5 New TechnologiesNew techs impact GIS:•Wireless•GPS•High speed Internet•DatabaseExample:Transportation with the aids of GIS and GPSPotential product – Bus Stop Information