Chronic IllnessExampleSlide 3Slide 4Diabetes – Type IDiabetes – Type IIDiabetesSlide 8AIDSSlide 10Alzheimer’s DiseaseSlide 12The Impact of Chronic IllnessCrisis TheorySlide 15Impact on the PatientSlide 178 IssuesSlide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Coping StrategiesImpact on CouplesImpact on the FamilyChronic IllnessChronic IllnessPSYC 4080PSYC 4080Health PsychologyHealth PsychologyExampleExample►Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Disease cardiac rehab cardiac rehab improved diet, exercise, wt loss, lower improved diet, exercise, wt loss, lower stressstressneed to be need to be __________________, come to terms , come to terms with the fact that your body can’t take with the fact that your body can’t take the lifestyle you have been leadingthe lifestyle you have been leadingExampleExample►CancerCancerSurgerySurgeryRadiationRadiationChemotherapyChemotherapyExampleExample►Diabetes – an insulin Diabetes – an insulin ______________ disorder disorderstrict diet & exercisestrict diet & exercisemedical monitoring (frequent & regular medical monitoring (frequent & regular Dr. visits)Dr. visits)insulin injections (if more serious)insulin injections (if more serious)Diabetes – Type IDiabetes – Type I►An An ________________ disease diseaseImmune system attacks the insulin-Immune system attacks the insulin-making cellsmaking cells►Unable to produce insulin -> insulin Unable to produce insulin -> insulin dependentdependent►A control – not a cure A control – not a cureDiabetes – Type IIDiabetes – Type II►Previously called Previously called ________________Develops in children as wellDevelops in children as well►Often develops in individuals who are Often develops in individuals who are OverweightOverweightSedentarySedentaryPoorPoorDiabetes Diabetes ►Long-term complicationsLong-term complicationsCardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease►Damaged blood vesselsDamaged blood vesselsBlindnessBlindness►Damaged retinaDamaged retina______________ disease disease►Leads to renal failureLeads to renal failureExampleExample►Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)HIV-1 (AIDS in US)HIV-1 (AIDS in US)HIV-2 (AIDS in Africa)HIV-2 (AIDS in Africa)►Acquired Immune Deficiency Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)Syndrome (AIDS)Weakened immune systemWeakened immune systemLeaves the body defenselessLeaves the body defenselessAIDSAIDS►Patients are living longerPatients are living longerDiagnosed in 1984 -> 11 months to liveDiagnosed in 1984 -> 11 months to liveDiagnosed in 1995 -> 46 months to liveDiagnosed in 1995 -> 46 months to live►More effective drug therapiesMore effective drug therapies►Early detectionEarly detection►Lifestyle changesLifestyle changesExampleExample►Alzheimer’s Disease – a degenerative Alzheimer’s Disease – a degenerative disease of the braindisease of the brainAffects almost ½ of people over 85 in USAffects almost ½ of people over 85 in USDefinitive diagnosis via autopsyDefinitive diagnosis via autopsy►Behavioral symptoms of cognitive Behavioral symptoms of cognitive impairmentimpairment______________ & tangles of nerve fibers & tangles of nerve fibersAlzheimer’s DiseaseAlzheimer’s Disease►Early-onsetEarly-onsetBefore age 60Before age 60Quite rareQuite rareDue to genetic Due to genetic defectdefect►Late-onsetLate-onsetAfter age 65After age 65Related to Related to ____________________ExampleExample►Alzheimer’s DiseaseAlzheimer’s Diseaseworst in early stages when patient worst in early stages when patient realizesrealizesafter that it is increasingly hard on the after that it is increasingly hard on the family as they watch their loved one family as they watch their loved one deterioratedeterioratepatient longer able to recognize others, patient longer able to recognize others, may not function towards endmay not function towards endThe Impact of Chronic IllnessThe Impact of Chronic Illness►Chronic illnesses have Chronic illnesses have __________________ acute diseasesacute diseasesMost CI are not severe or life Most CI are not severe or life threatening, but it fatal, cause death threatening, but it fatal, cause death only after a lengthy period of illnessonly after a lengthy period of illnessCI requires adaptation to the way CI requires adaptation to the way patients livepatients liveCrisis TheoryCrisis Theory►Attempts to explain impact of Attempts to explain impact of disruptionsdisruptions►We need to operate in a state of We need to operate in a state of ____________________►When interrupted by illness, we rely When interrupted by illness, we rely on previously successful ways of on previously successful ways of respondingrespondingCrisis TheoryCrisis Theory►Crisis -> anxiety, fear, stress -> need Crisis -> anxiety, fear, stress -> need to normalizeto normalize►Results: Healthy adaptation or Results: Healthy adaptation or Unhealthy adjustmentUnhealthy adjustment►The The ____________________ is neither healthy or is neither healthy or pathological pathologicalImpact on the PatientImpact on the Patient►Being treated as a “nonperson”Being treated as a “nonperson”►Worse social & physical functioningWorse social & physical functioning►Poorer mental healthPoorer mental health►Greater Greater ________►But these vary with the type of But these vary with the type of illness & patient’s responseillness & patient’s responseImpact on the PatientImpact on the Patient►Changes in self-perceptionChanges in self-perception►Develop an understanding of the Develop an understanding of the illnessillness►______________ it into their life it into their life►Often find a positive aspect to the Often find a positive aspect to the situationsituation8 Issues8 Issues1)1)ControlControl““I’m tired of this, I want my life back”I’m tired of this, I want my life back”““Diabetes is controlling my life”Diabetes is controlling my life”Reestablish controlReestablish control8 Issues8 Issues2) Self-image2) Self-image““I’ll never be the same”I’ll never be the same”““I’m damaged goods”I’m damaged goods”____________________ & redefine the self & redefine the self3)3)DependencyDependency““I’ve always been independent; I hate asking I’ve always been independent; I hate asking