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TAMU PSYC 307 - 4.10_b w
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14/10/2008 1Erectile Dysfunction• Most erectile dysfunctions stem from physiological problems–treatment has focused on drug therapy• Most typical symptom is enlargement of the prostate gland, starting at about age 40 and effecting 50%+ of men by age 804/10/2008 2Psycho-Social DevelopmentErikson’s Generativity vs. Stagnation– Generativity: Individual’s contribution to family, community, work, and society as a whole. Furthering the next generation, creativity and artistic output– Stagnation: lack of psychological success, feelings of triviality, limited contributions to the world, still seeking new careers, desperate attempts to hang on to youth24/10/2008 3Erikson’s 8 Stages4/10/2008 4Levinson’s “Seasons”• Midlife transition: 40-45• Middle adulthood 45-50• Age 50 transition 50-55• End of Middle Adulthood 55-60• All marked by:– Focus on finite nature of life– Present vs. future orientation– Confront knowledge that all goals won’t be met34/10/2008 5The Midlife Crisis• A stage of uncertainty and indecision brought about by the realization that life is finite• High visibility cases get attention, but transition is relatively smooth for most people• Levinson’s research marked by small “N” and only men4/10/2008 6Other models of midlife• Normative Crisis model: essentially Erikson’s idea of universal stages uniformly occurring.• Life Events model: The timing of events in an adult’s life rather than just age determine the course of adult personality development– First child– Children leaving home– Children returning home44/10/2008 7Marriage • Typical U shaped pattern of marital satisfaction• Sources of satisfaction:– Friendship of spouse– Marriage as a long term commitment– Agreement on aims and goals– Agreement about sexuality (but not frequency)4/10/2008 8Divorce• Only about 20% of divorces occur after age 40– Divorce has traditionally been more difficult for older women than men due to narrower partner market and decreased likelihood of vocational experience54/10/2008 9Remarriage• 75-80% of people who divorce end up marrying again, usually within 2-5 years• Gender differences: more difficult for older women due to the pre-existing “marriage gradient”4/10/2008 10The Second (plus) Marriage• Partners tend to have more realistic expectations• Entry into relationship is likely to be more cautious; partners tend to show greater role flexibility• May be subject to different kinds of stressors than first marriages– Blending families64/10/2008 11Does love result in happiness?Does money result in happiness?Values and life satisfaction Among college and university students worldwide, those who report high life satisfaction give priority to love over money. (From Diener & Oishi, 2000.) 4/10/2008 1274/10/2008 134/10/2008 14Meaningful Life• Can be understood in terms of four main needs for meaning– need for purpose– need for values– need for a sense of efficacy– need for self-worth(Baumeister & Vohs, 2002)84/10/2008 15What about children?Does Fatherhood Make You Happy?By Dan Gilbert, Time Magazine, June 19, 2006Studies reveal that most married couples start out happy and then become progressively less satisfied over the course of their lives, becoming especially disconsolate when their children are in diapers and in adolescence, and returning to their initial levels of happiness only after their children have had the decency to grow up and go away. When the popular press invented a malady called “empty-nest syndrome,” it failed to mention that its primary symptom is a marked increase in smiling.Psychologists have measured how people feel as they go about their daily activities, and have found that people are less happy when they are interacting with their children than when they are eating, exercising, shopping or watching television. Indeed, an act of parenting makes most people about as happy as an act of housework. Economists have modeled the impact of many variables on people’s overall happiness and have consistently found that children have only a small impact. A small negative impact.See:http://www.randomhouse.com/kvpa/gilbert/blog/200606heres_to_tofu_baseball_heroin8.html4/10/2008 16The Empty Nest Syndrome:• A parent’s feeling of unhappiness, worry, loneliness and depression resulting from their children’s departure from home.• Typically a relatively short-term, temporary phenomenon.• Most difficult for women who followed the traditional social role mode.94/10/2008 17Benefits of Empty Nests• Spouses have more time for each other• Few distractions from spouses own interests• Sexuality improves4/10/2008 18“Boomerang Children”• Young adults who return, after leaving home for some period to live in the homes of their middle aged parents• Typically explained by economic issues• More likely in young men (24-34) than in young women (older marriage age?)• Women may face more limits living at home than men do• Moms more likely to approve than Dads104/10/2008 19The Sandwich Generation• Couples (or individuals) who in middle adulthood must care for both their children and their aging parents• The product of both later marriage and childbirth and the increased life expectancy of older


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TAMU PSYC 307 - 4.10_b w

Type: Miscellaneous
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