Phytoplankton PigmentsTHE BIG PICTURE12 H2O + 6 CO26 O2 + C6H12O6 + 6 H2OWATERCARBONDIOXIDEOXYGENGLUCOSE WATERNet Rxn:6 CO2+ 6 H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6 O2Simplest form:CO2 + H2O + light CH2O + O2Overall Rxn:LIGHTTHE REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESISOutermembraneInnermembraneStromaThylakoidsGranumChloroplasts are highly structured, membrane-rich organelles.•Stroma (Not To Be Confused With Stomata!!!)–Dense fluid within surrounding thylakiodPLANT ANATOMYPLANT ANATOMY• Chloroplasts:– Light energy is captured and converted inchloroplasts– Light energy is passed through an ETC which converts it into a usable, chemical formPHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS• Chlorophylls:– Reflect mainly green light» Chlorophyll a, b, c, d» Divinyl chlorophyll• Carotenoids:– Reflect mainly orange and yellow» Fucoxanthin» Beta-carotene• Phycobilins (proteins):– Reflect mainly blue-green or reddish» Phycocyanin (blue-green algae)» PhycoerythrinCHLOROPHYLL a & bH2C CHH3CH3CCH2CH3CH3COCH3CH2CH2CH2C OOOOCHO in chlorophyll bCH3 in chlorophyll aTailNNNNMgPHOTOSYNTHETICPIGMENTSRingStructureIn HeadAbsorbsLightCH3CH3CH3CH3CHH3CH3CHOCHβ-carotenePHOTOSYNTHETICPIGMENTSAmount of light absorbedChlorophyll a400 600500 700Chlorophyll bCarotenoidsWavelength of light (nm)DIFFERENT PIGMENTS ABSORB DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS OF LIGHTABSORBPTION SPECTRUM• Every pigment has a characteristic Absorption Spectrum• Optimal λλ (nanometers)%ABSchlorophyll achlorophyll
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