Living in a Digital World Discovering Computers 2011Objectives Overview Discuss the evolution of the Internet Identify and briefly describe various broadband Internet connections and state differences between broadband Internet connections and dial-up connections Describe the types of Internet access providers Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name Explain the purpose of a Web browser and identify the components of a Web address Describe how to use a search engine to search for information on the Web and differentiate between a search engine and a subject directory Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 2 See Page 73 for Detailed ObjectivesObjectives Overview Describe the types of Web sites Explain how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, virtual reality, and plug-ins Identify and briefly describe the steps required for Web publishing Describe the types of e-commerce Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work Identify the rules of netiquette Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 3 See Page 73 for Detailed ObjectivesThe Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 4 Page 74 Figure 2-1Evolution of the Internet • The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 5 Page 75 Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disasterEvolution of the Internet 1969 ARPANET becomes functional 1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts 1986 NSF connects NSFnet to ARPANET and becomes known as the Internet 1995 NSFNet terminates its network on the Internet and resumes status as research network 1996 Internet2 is founded Today More than 550 million hosts connect to the Internet Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 6 Pages 75 - 76Evolution of the Internet • Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network – The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and sets guidelines and standards • Internet2 connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 7 Page 76 Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click W3C below Chapter 2Evolution of the Internet • Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet service Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 8 Page 76 Cable Internet service DSL Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) Fixed wireless Cellular Radio Network Wi-Fi Satellite Internet ServiceEvolution of the Internet • An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 9 Page 77 Figure 2-2Evolution of the Internet ISP (Internet service provider) Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific geographical area National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwide Online service provider (OSP) Has many members-only features Popular OSPs include AOL (America Online) and MSN (Microsoft Network) Wireless Internet service provider (WISP) Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices May require a wireless modem Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 10 Page 78 Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Wireless Modems below Chapter 2Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 11 Page 79 Figure 2-3Evolution of the Internet • An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet • A domain name is the text version of an IP address – Top-level domain (TLD) • A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 12 Pages 79 – 80 Figure 2-4Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 13 Page 80 Figure 2-5The World Wide Web • The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages) • A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items • A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer • Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 14 Pages 80 - 81The World Wide Web • A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 15 Page 81 Internet Explorer Firefox Opera Safari Google ChromeThe World Wide Web Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 16 Page 81 Figure 2-6The World Wide Web • A home page is the first page that a Web site displays • Web pages provide links to other related Web pages – Surfing the Web • Downloading is the process of receiving information Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 17 Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7 • Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click iPhone below Chapter 2The World Wide Web • A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 18 Pages 82 – 83 Figure 2-8The World Wide Web • Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 19 Page 84 Figure 2-9 Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Tabbed Browsing below Chapter 2The World Wide Web • Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 20 Page 85 Search engine Finds