11The SunThe SunOur star - inside and out2EarEarth having a really, really bad day.th having a really, really bad day.3Explain the proton-proton cycle in easy-to-understand language.State how radiation is transported through eachregion of the Sun’s interiorExplain how the Sun maintains a constantbalance in its interior (solar thermostat)Learning Goals:Learning Goals:24LIGHT!LIGHT!5•1H + 1H --> 2H + e+ + neutrino•2H + 1H --> 3He + gamma ray•3He + 3He --> 4He + 1H + 1HCoreCoreνγMustoccurtwiceExplain the proton-proton cycle in easy-to-understand language.Proton-Proton Cycle0.007 of original mass is converted to energye-2 γ6Protons must collide at high velocities:Temperature must be > 10,000,000 KelvinPlasma must be extremely dense.++I hate you,proton. You areso repulsive.You reek! Stayaway, youpositive jerk.Explain the proton-proton cycle in easy-to-understand language.37 Explain the proton-proton cycle ineasy-to-understand language.a. Two helium-3 nuclei collide andfuse to form the more commonform of the element: helium-4.b. At the instant the nuclei fuse andcreate a deuterium nucleus, apositron and a neutrino arecreated.c. Two protons (H nuclei) meet underthe extreme conditions present inthe core of the Sun.d. Positron + electron = annihilation;masses convert to energy in formof 2 gamma ray photons.e. Two extra protons are released,available for further nuclearreactions.f. In about 6 seconds a 3rd protonfuses with deuterium nucleus toform He-3 + gamma ray.8PASS YOUR SHEETS TO THEPASS YOUR SHEETS TO THECENTER AISLECENTER AISLEDEMONSTRATION OF THERANDOM WALK WILL TAKEPLACE WHILE YOU AREHANDING IN YOUR SHEETS.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_walk9Random WalkState how radiation is transported through each region of the Sun’s interiorRadiative Radiative ZoneZone410CONVECTION MOVIEState how radiation is transported through each region of the Sun’s interiorGranulationConvection ZoneConvection Zone1112State how radiation is transported through each region of the Sun’sinterior513Another way of thinking about this:Another way of thinking about this:TheThe Solar Thermostat Solar ThermostatExplain how the Sun maintains a constant balance in its interior (solar thermostat)Hydrostatic (gravitational) equilibrium in the Sunmaintains a constant balance between inward-pushing gravity and outward-pressing pressure.14Number of particles in core is decreasing.Number of particles in core is decreasing.NET RESULTNET RESULTIN: 6 H OUT: 1 He + 2 HIN: 6 H OUT: 1 He + 2 HExplain how the Sun maintains a constant balance in its interior (solar thermostat)15Explain how the Sun maintains a constant balance in its interior(solar
View Full Document