Bioremediation of PesticidesLynnea GoldingBioremediation Mineralization, transformation, alteration George Robinson Objectives: Oxidation  Biotransformation ReductionPesticides EPA: any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest  Classified by structurePesticide Concerns Stimulation of nervous system BiomagnificationPesticide Bioremediation Methods Intrinsic bioremediation Ex-situ and in-situ treatment15 - 45°CTemperature5.5 to 8.5pHC:N:P = 120:10:1 molar ratioNutrientsEh > 50 millivoltsRedox potential>0.2 mg/L DO, >10% air-filled pore space for aerobic degradationOxygen25-85% water holding capacityAvailable soil moistureOptimum ConditionsEnvironmental FactorEx-Situ Bioremediation Pump-and-treat Biopile treatment LandfarmingPump-and-treat Contaminated groundwater Treatment via engineered systems Activated sludge Trickling filter Rotating Biological Contactors Ion ExchangeBiopile Treatment Excavate soil Covered with impermeable liner Leachate collection systemLandfarming Treatment Excavation and relocation Tilled periodicallyIn-Situ Bioremediation Fungi BioventingFungi Treatment White rot fungi Natural degrader of recalcitrant compoundsBioventing Injection wells Nutrients and water providedEx-situ vs. In-situ Treatment Ex-situ Shorter amount of time Easier to control Increase in labor costs Large amount of space required In-situ Long time frame Hard to control Intense monitoringEx-situ vs. In-situ TreatmentConclusion Pesticide remediation necessary Partial degradation may produce toxic compounds Further research