Brittle BehaviorFracture Criterion for Confining CompressionFracture Criterion for Confining CompressionFracture Criterion for Tension FracturesFracture Criterion for Confining CompressionThe difference between max shear stress and 2qFracture Criterion for Confining Compression2q2qFracture Criterion for Confining CompressionFracture Criterion for Confining CompressionOrientation of critically stressed shear PlaneOrientation of critically stressed shear Plane1minmax2 C1minmax2 CGriffith CracksGriffith CracksWhat happens at high confining pressures???Modes of Crack-Surface DisplacementGriffith CracksGriffith Cracksqs3s1acGriffith CracksGriffith Crackss1Initial Formation of a Shear-Mode CrackFormation of a Wing CrackGriffith CracksGriffith CracksShear Fracture•Hydrology•Petroleum Industry•Building and Mining•Structure/TectonicsFracture study and observationsSystematic vs. NonsystematicJoint SetsJoint SystemsJoint SystemsAnkareh Fm.Twin Creek Fm.1. LPS fans around salient ~perpendicular to structural trends2. TE ~parallel to structural trendsWhy do joints stop growing?Why do joints stop growing?Joint Spacing•Bed Thickness•Stiffness/Strength (Young’s Modulus)•StrainJoint SpacingPlumose StructureWhy aren’t joints smooth??Rock InhomogeneitiesCrack Tip Propagation speedTwist HackleExtensional DirectionExtensional DirectionExtensional fractureExtensional fractureTectonic JointingJoints and Folding•Membrane Effect•Poisson Effect•CoolingSheeting JointsTectonic OriginResidual StressSheeting JointsColumnar JointingQuestions to ask yourself about joints in the field?Blocky vs.
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