Flora of China 12: 323–325. 2007. 14. ERIOLAENA Candolle, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 102. 1823. 火绳树属 huo sheng shu shu Wallichia Candolle (1823), not Roxburgh (1820), nor Reinwardt (1823). Trees or shrubs, sometimes [?always] deciduous. Stipule linear, caducous; leaf blade mostly ± cordate, rarely obscurely pal-mately lobed, or oblong and entire, stellate hairy, abaxially mostly densely so, sometimes nearly glabrous, margin ± dentate. Inflo-rescence racemose, axillary or terminal, often 1–2-flowered, less often many-flowered. Epicalyx lobes 3–5, dentate or divided, rarely entire, falling at anthesis. Sepals 4 or 5, valvate, linear, apex acute, abaxially stellate hairy, adaxially villous. Petals 4 or 5, yellow or white, base tapering into flat villous claw, claw sharply recurved into S-bend with limb radially spreading. Stamens many, connate into monadelphous tube; filaments partly free; anthers linear-oblong, 2-celled, cells parallel; staminodes absent. Ovary sessile, 4–10-celled, tomentose; ovules many in each locule; style linear; stigma 4–10-lobed. Capsule woody or nearly woody, ovoid or narrowly ovoid, dehiscence loculicidal, valves 4–10, adaxial margin densely woolly. Seeds winged, wing membranous, as long as seeds; endosperm thin, cotyledons plicate. About 17 species: tropical and subtropical Asia; six species (one endemic) in China. Eriolaena is poorly represented in herbaria, and more gatherings, particularly of correlated flowering and fruiting material, are needed to clarify the taxa. 1a. Leaf blade abaxially sparsely hairy to glabrescent, epidermis visible between hairs; leaves always present during flowering and fruiting. 2a. Leaf blade glabrous or nearly so, veins of young leaves usually slightly pink; inflorescence a terminal, ± flat-topped, many-flowered panicle .................................................................................................................... 1. E. glabrescens 2b. Leaf blade abaxially yellow-brown stellate pubescent; inflorescence an axillary, few-flowered cyme ......... 6. E. kwangsiensis 1b. Leaf blade stellate hairy, denser abaxially, often tomentose; leaves sometimes absent at flowering or fruiting. 3a. Material in flower, epicalyx lobes available. 4a. Epicalyx lobes 4–6(–10) mm, margins entire or nearly so. 5a. Pedicel nearly as long as flower; epicalyx lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm; flowers mostly 4-merous, rarely 5-merous ...................................................................................................................... 2. E. spectabilis 5b. Pedicel shorter than flower; epicalyx lobes ovate or elliptic-ovate; flowers 5-merous .............. 3. E. quinquelocularis 4b. Epicalyx lobes 10–15(–20) mm, margins obviously dentate, fimbriate, or pinnatipartite. 6a. Epicalyx lobe margin densely fimbriate, densely woolly stellate pilose ................................................... 4. E. wallichii 6b. Epicalyx lobe margin dentate or pinnatipartite, shortly tomentose .......................................................... 5. E. candollei 3b. Material in fruit, epicalyx lobes lost. 7a. Capsule distinctly angular. 8a. Capsule 4-locular, angles scarcely verrucose, flat between ridges and nearly square in cross section ...................................................................................................................................................... 2. E. spectabilis 8b. Capsule 5-locular, angles strongly verrucose, grooved between ridges .................................................... 4. E. wallichii 7b. Capsule rounded, smooth or longitudinally striate, not grooved between valves. 9a. Fruiting without leaves ................................................................................................................. 3. E. quinquelocularis 9b. Fruiting with leaves ................................................................................................................................... 5. E. candollei 1. Eriolaena glabrescens Aug. Candolle, Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 370. 1903. 光叶火绳 guang ye huo sheng Eriolaena glabrescens Hu (1924), not Aug. Candolle (1903). Trees, up to 10 m tall, old leaves present at anthesis. Branchlets slightly stellate hairy or nearly glabrous. Petiole 2–3 cm, nearly glabrous; leaf blade orbicular or ovate-orbicular, 7–10 × 6–10 cm, both surfaces sparsely stellate hairy when young, nearly glabrous or abaxially with scales or stellate hairs on veins and midrib when mature, basal veins 7, slightly pink abaxially, base shallowly cordate, apex acute or shortly acu-minate. Inflorescence flat-topped, many-flowered; peduncle pink (reddish) stellate tomentose. Pedicel robust, ca. 1 cm; epicalyx lobes linear, ca. 14 mm, pinnately divided, apex acute, indumentum red. Sepals 5, linear-lanceolate, ca. 2.5 × 0.5 cm, abaxially red stellate, adaxially tomentose, apex acuminate. Pet-als 5, yellow, oblong-spatulate, 2.5–3 × ca. 0.8 cm, base taper-ing into stipe, tomentulose, apex obtuse. Stamens many, con-nate into ca. 1.5 cm tube, free part very short. Ovary globose, 8-locular; style puberulent; stigma 8-lobed. Capsule ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, 3.5–4.5 cm, 8-valved, densely yellowish stel-late tomentulose, apex acute or longer beaked. Seeds many, winged. Fl. Aug–Sep, fr. Nov–Dec. Mountain slopes, valleys; 800–1300 m. S Yunnan [Thailand, S Vietnam]. Eriolaena glabrescens Hu is based on a different type (fromFlora of China 12: 323–325. 2007. Yunnan) than that of E. glabrescens Aug. Candolle (from Vietnam). The choice of the same epithet is a clear indication of the distinctive sparse indumentum. 2. Eriolaena spectabilis (Candolle) Planchon ex Masters in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 1: 371. 1874. 火绳树 huo sheng shu Wallichia spectabilis Candolle, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10: 104. 1823; Eriolaena malvacea (H. Léveillé) Handel-Mazzetti; E. sterculiacea H. Léveillé; E. szemaoensis Hu; Microchlaena spectabilis (Candolle) Endlicher ex Walpers; Sterculia malva-cea H. Léveillé. Deciduous shrubs or small trees, 3–8 m tall. Branchlets stellate puberulent. Stipule pointed linear, ca. 5 mm; petiole 2–5 cm, velutinous; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 8–14 × 6–13 cm, abaxially densely gray-white or brownish stellate veluti-nous, adaxially sparsely slightly stellate hairy, basal veins 5–7, base cordate, margin irregularly minutely dentate, apex shortly acute.