LCD Monitors IS 311 Group Presentation Topics to be covered Beatrice CRT LCD Monitor History Sici LCDs Advantages Disadvantages Gil Current LCDs Jerry Future Trends Julio Buyer s Guide CRT LCD Monitor History How it all started Monitor Overview The most used output device on a computer Most desktop displays use a cathode ray tube CRT Laptops use liquid crystal display LCD lightemitting diode LED and gas plasma or other image projection technology Monitors using LCD technologies are beginning to replace CRT LCD History Liquid crystals were first discovered in 1888 by Austrian botanist Friedrich Reinitzer Melt cholesterol like substance When cooled the liquid turned blue before finally crystallizing RCA made the first experimental LCD in 1968 Manufacturers have been developing creative variations and improvements since on LCDs What is Being Used Today The most popular display today remains CRT It has been available for more than 70 years CRTs 1 Vivid colors and detailed images and text 2 Cost less than LCD monitors 3 Continue to evolve LCD Market Trend Market for flat screen LCDs grew rapidly during the 90s Huge success of the laptop computer It has still been slow in matching the market share of the CRT Color LCDs hit the market in the early 90s Has only now become popular enough for vendors to mass produce From CRT to LCD CRT Bulky heavy use vacuum tube technology Using technology that was developed in the 19th century LCD First LCD laptop monitors were very small due to manufacturing costs Light sleek energy efficient have sharp picture How Monitors Work Most use a cathode ray tube as a display device CRT Glass tube that is narrow at one end and opens to a flat screen at the other end Narrow end contains electron guns Single gun for monochrome and three guns for color Display screen is covered with tiny phosphor dots that emit light when struck by the electron gun Monitor Classifications Monochrome Display two colors one for the background and one for the foreground Gray Scale A special type of monochrome monitor capable of displaying different shades of gray Color Can display anywhere from 16 to over 1 million different colors Sometimes called RGB monitors Monitor Quality and Resolution Quality Manufacturers describe quality by dot pitch Smaller dot pitches mean pixels are closely spaced which will yield a sharper image Most monitors have dot pitches that range from 0 22mm to 0 39mm Resolution Indicates how densely packed the pixels are Most modern monitors can display 1024x768 pixels High end models can display 1280x1024 LCD Technology Used for displays in notebooks small computers pagers phones and other instruments Uses a combination of fluorescent based backlight color filters transistors and liquid crystal to create and illuminate images Until recently was only used on notebook computers and other portable devices In 1997 manufactures began to offer full size LCD monitors as alternatives to CRT monitors IBM Advances in Display Technology In 1981 IBM introduced the Color Graphics Adapter CGA display able to display 4 colors and max resolution of 320x200 In 1984 Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA display able to display 16 colors and resolution of 640x350 IBM Advances in Display Technology cont In 1987 Video Graphics Array VGA display Most computers today support the VGA standard In 1990 Extended Graphics Array XGA display capable of resolutions 800x600 in true color 16 8 million colors and 1024x768 in 65 536 colors Pre IBM Apple II Released in 1977 First true personal computer Based on the Apple I design with some additions Plastic case Able to display color graphics Able to display 6 colors at 280x192 resolution Apple II Control Panel Pre IBM cont TRS 80 Developed in late 1970s by Radio Shack First product in store history to fetch more than 500 Monitor was basically an RCA TV with the tuner removed Became a direct competitor to the Apple computer TRS 80 Heath Desktop One of the first computers designed as complete desktop machines Included monitor floppy disks and keyboard Was eventually bought by Zenith IBM PC 1981 IBM s 5150 model introduced in 1981 The PC featured a 5MHz Intel processor 18K of memory and an optional color monitor Starting price 1 565 Windows Screen Shots Throughout Time MS DOS Windows 3 1 Windows Screen Shots Throughout Time Windows 98 Windows 2K Windows Screen Shots Throughout Time Windows XP Advantages of LCDs Physical Size Compact and Lightweight Space saving Can be mounted on a wall or panel Advantages of LCDs Display Size Available at comparable in screen size as traditional CRT Shown on the next slide a 12 1 LCD display left has only a slightly smaller viewing area than a typical 14 CRT monitor Newer larger LCD monitors are also appearing that have 15 17 and even larger screen sizes that are comparable to the largest CRT monitors One thing to note is that LCD monitors are typically sized by their actual viewable diagonal measurement but CRTs typically are not Advantages of LCDs Advantages of LCDs Power Consumption and Radiation Emission Consume less energy and more durable A typical CRT losses approximately 50 of its brightness after 10 000 hours An LCD bulb will maintain its brightness anywhere from 25 000 to 50 000 hours LCD consumes fewer watts than a CRT LCD will use an average 30 watts compared to 120 watts for the CRT Can reduce electric bill by 40 85 Uses a combination of fluorescent based backlight color filters transistors and liquid crystal to create and illuminate images It blocks light rather emit light Advantages of LCDs Power Consumption and Radiation Emission Doest not emit Radiation Not subject to Electromagnetic Interference Advantages of LCDs Viewing Cause less eyestrain Does not flicker or glare Source Dailey News June 2 2002 TouchScreens com unicomplabs com TheVisualLink com Advantages of CRT Color Most are capable of displaying unlimited colors Resolution Multiple video Resolutions Advantages of CRT Response Time Faster response time Critical to people who watch videos or play games on their PC s The fastest LCD s offer a response time of about 25 milliseconds as apposed to CRT s that have a response time of about 13 milliseconds Advantages of CRT Viewing Angle Look a very wide angle Source PCWorld com TouchScreens com Disadvantages of LCDs Resolution Displays Native Resolutions Resolution that it displays best Viewing Angle Smaller needed to be viewed more directly from the front From the side the images on an LCD screen can