N Norris – last revised 08/05/13 Biology 47 – Human Anatomy Biology 47 – Human Anatomy West Valley College - Norris Lecture Outline – Reproductive System I. Definitions A. Growth B. Reproduction C. Primary Reproductive Structures (The Gonads) D. Secondary Reproductive Structures E. Secondary Sexual Characteristics II. Function (= physiology) A. Production of Sex Cells B. Production of Sex Hormones III. Male Overview of the Male Reproductive System: bladder (1) Testes (2) epididymis (2) vas deferens (2) ejaculatory ducts (2) urethra (1) seminal vesicles (2) prostate gland (1) bulbourethral glands (2) A. Primary Reproductive Structures 1. Testis a. Seminiferous Tubules i. Sertoli Cells (sustentacular cells) ii. Leydig Cells (interstitial cells) iii. Sperm 2. Sperm are produced continuously within the testis from spermatogonial cells through a process called spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and continues throughout the life of the male. Spermatogonia 1˚ spermatocytes 2˚ spermatocytes spermatids spermatozoa mitosis meiosis I meiosis II maturation B. Secondary Reproductive Structures 1. External Genitalia a. Penis i. Glans Penis ii. Shaft and Prepuce (foreskin) iii. Erectile Tissue - Corpus Spongiosum - Corpora Cavernosa b. ScrotumN Norris – last revised 08/05/13 Biology 47 – Human Anatomy 2. Epididymis 3. Vas Deferens (ductus deferens, spermatic duct) a. Spermatic Cord b. Inguinal Canal c. Ampulla d. Ejaculatory Ducts 4. Urethra a. Prostatic Urethra b. Membranous Urethra c. Penile Urethra 5. Seminal Vesicles 6. Prostate Gland 7. Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's glands) IV. Female Overview of the Female Reproductive System: bladder (1) urethra Ovaries (2) uterine tubes (2) uterus (1) cervix (1) vagina (1) vestibule Bartholin's (vestibular) glands (2) A. Primary Reproductive Structures 1. Ovaries 2. Oogenesis and Follicle Development Oogonia 1˚ Oocytes 2˚ Oocytes Ootids Ova / Zygote mitosis meiosis I meiosis II fertilization 3. Oocyte Development a. Oogonia b. Primary Oocyte c. Secondary Oocyte 4. Follicle Development a. Primordial Follicle b. Primary Follicle c. Secondary Follicle d. Graafian Follicle (mature) e. Corpus Luteum Indirect (via abdominopelvic cavity)N Norris – last revised 08/05/13 Biology 47 – Human Anatomy B. Secondary Reproductive Structures 1. External Genitalia - collectively called the vulva or pudendum a. Labia Majora b. Labia Minora i. vestibule c. Clitoris d. Vestibular (Bartholins) Glands 2. Urethra 3. Vagina 4. Uterus a. Cervix b. Layers of the Uterus i. Endometrium ii. Myometrium iii. Perimetrium 5. Uterine Tubes (fallopian tubes) a. Isthmus b. Ampulla c. Infundibulum 6. Supporting Structures a. Broad Ligament b. Suspensory Ligament c. Round Ligament d. Ovarian Ligament (utero-ovarian ligament) e. Uterosacral Ligament 7. Breast a. Areola b. Mammary Glands V. Additional Key Terms fertilization gamete gametogenesis gonad implantation ovulation
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