Network Design andManagement• CIS 5930-6 CIS 4930-7• Mike Sloderbeck• Ray Curci• http://www.cs.fsu.edu/courses/netdesign• Change to syllabus:• quiz/participation now 20%• assignments now 40%Is this the right class for you?• Network class prereq (or permission)• Are these terms familiar?• TCP, UDP, CSMA/CD, DNS• We won’t cover much of this, but youneed to to know these things, so....• Not heavily research-orientedWhat We Will Cover• IP Addresses, Masks and Networks (Class-ful addressing),The Routing Process,Network Matching, Prefix length,SubnetMasks and Hosts per subnet, Subnets otherthan /24, ARP, Bridges, Switches andVLANS, Typical Physical Networks,especially ones on the lab routers: ethernet,synchronous serial, FDDI, T1 basics,CSU/DSU, Wireless networks• SNMP (in detail) agent, management station,community, SMI, MIB, ASN.1,data objectnaming, MIB Tree, agent commands,commandline tools (snmpget, snmpwalk,snmpset, snmpnetstat), MRTG views, CiscoSNMP router syntax,Using SNMP tools fornetwork topology discovery• Static Routes,Routing tables,Requirementsfor Routing Protocols• RIP version 1 (in detail) debug, monitor viaethereal/tcpdump, hop counts, poisonreverse, split horizon,Classless Addresses, Variable Length Subnet Masks(VLSM),Network Design with VLSM, Software toolsfor performance testing (iperf, traceroute, ping)• RIP version 2• OSPF (in detail) hello, neighbor, adjacency, linkstate advertisement (LSA), designated router (DR),backup designated router (BDR), link statedatabase, Dijkstra SPF algorithm, multiple areanetworks, area 0• Route Redistribution between protocols, RouteFiltering, Route Maps, Internet Service Providersand access, ARIN, Commercial peering,Transit,Private peeringBGP (in detail), EBGP, IBGP, AutonomousSystem, AS Path, AS Path Prepending,Local Preference, AS Path Filtering, HotPotato routing,Cisco Access ListsMore or less, in one term.An Idealized Address• “r” bits long (r = p + q)• “p” bits of network id• “q” bits of host id• Example, r=11, p=5, q=6• How many networks? Hosts per net?An Idealized Address• Example, r=11, p=5, q=6• How many networks?• How many hosts per network?• 32 networks, 64 hosts per network• (IP conventions allow fewer)Novell Address• 8 bytes of network id• 6 bytes of host id (uses MAC)• 64 + 48 bits• fixed p,qIP v4 as an Ideal Address• r is fixed at 32 bits• p and q are (ideally) variable• If p is 8, 16, or 24, this suggests theClass A, Class B, Class C addresses• For these classes, however, we alsorestrict the numberingClass Restrictions• A addresses begin in 0• B addresses begin in 10• C addresses begin in 110Class Restrictions• 0, 10, 110, ??• But you were probably hoping for thefamiliar, (in)convenient, and dreaded“dotted decimal”• You’ll be sorry...Classes Reviewed• 1-126.x.y.z (0 and 127 reserved)• 128-191.X.y.z (X is part of the net id)• 192-223.X.Y.z (X and Y part of net id)• D, E• lots of wasteSubnets• Specify p -- the network mask• p > 8 in the class A space, or• p > 16 in the class B space (FSU),• p > 24 in the class C space• But leave some bits for host ID !!Supernets• p < 8 in the class A space, or• p < 16 in the class B space• p < 24 in the class C spaceSubnets, cont• FSU subnets 128.186.0.0 with a 24 bitmask (255.255.255.0 or /24)• 128.186.17.0 and 128.186.121.0 aredifferent networks (data link layer)• But you don’t have to use a 24 bit maskto subnet a class B• IP Subnetting defined in 1984• Useful in large, bridged class B nets and toconserve IP addresses• Expressed as dotted decimal or /nn notation• 128.186.121.1 /24 is the same as128.186.121.1 255.255.255.0• 192.168.1.1 /28 is the same as 192.168.1.1255.255.255.240Network Matching• Use the network mask• Bit-wise compare the two networks, using themask length• 192.168.1.2 /28 and 192.168.1.250 /28 areon different networks (or different subnets, ifyou prefer that terminology).• 192.168.1.2 /28 and 192.168.1.3 /28 are onthe same subnet. (use the data link)Network Masks• Note that network masks work forclassful network matching also.• 128.186.234.2 /16 and 128.187.123.4/16 must be on different networks whenthe first 16 bits of the addresses arecompared.• Modern IP routing tables include amask for every network route.Host Addresses per Network• The lowest address refers to the networkitself and can’t be used for a host. Eg.192.168.1.0 /24• The highest address is reserved for the IPbroadcast address. Eg. 192.168.1.255 /24• So in this network there are 254 available IPaddresses for hosts and routers.Host Addresses in a Subnet• The address 192.168.1.16 /28 refers tothe network and can’t be used for ahost.• The address 192.168.1.31 /28 isreserved for the IP broadcast address.• This network has 14 IP addressesavailable for hosts and routers.Examples• Subnet 172.17.0.0 so that each subnethas at least 700 host addresses• Subnet 192.168.100.0 so that eachsubnet has two usable host addresses• How many subnets of the originalnetwork are obtained in each case?• Review Doyle, Fig 2.16, 2.17,