DOC PREVIEW
MSU PHY 232 - mirrors and lenses

This preview shows page 1-2-3-20-21-22-41-42-43 out of 43 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 43 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

mirrors and lensesan important pointwe saw…the flat mirrorquestionray diagramsconcave mirrorsconcave mirrors: an object outside Fexampleexampledemo: the virtual pigexampleconvex mirrors with p < |f|Mirrors: an overviewlon-capaLenseslensmakers equationexampleexample 2example 3questionconverging lens p>flens equationexampleexamplequestionlenses, an overviewspherical aberrations: Hubble space telescope chromatic aberrationstwo lensesmirrors and lensesPHY232Remco [email protected] W109 – cyclotron buildinghttp://www.nscl.msu.edu/~zegers/phy232.htmlPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 2an important point¾ objects do not emit rays of light that get ‘seen’ by your eye. Light (from a bulb or the sun) gets reflected off the object towards your eye.PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 3we saw…¾ that light can be reflected or refracted at boundaries between material with a different index of refraction.¾ by shaping the surfaces of the boundaries we can make devices that can focus or otherwise alter an image.¾ Here we focus on mirrors and lenses for which the properties can be described well by a few equations.PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 4the flat mirror¾ in the previous chapter we already saw flat mirrors.¾ The distance from the object to the mirror the object distance p¾ The distance from the image to the mirror is the image distance q¾ in case of a flat mirror, an observer sees a virtual image, meaning that the rays do not actually come from it.¾ the image size (h’ ) is the same as the object size (h), meaning that the magnification h’/h=1¾ the image is not invertedp qNOTE: a virtual imagecannot be projected on a screen but is ‘visible’ bythe eye or another opticalinstrument.PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 5question¾ You are standing in front (say 1 m) of a mirror that is less high than your height. Is there a chance that you can still see your complete image?¾ a) yes b) noPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 6ray diagrams¾ to understand the properties of optical elements we use ray diagrams, in which we draw the most important elements and parameters to understand the elementspqhh’PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 7concave mirrorsCC: center of mirror curvaturea light ray passing through the center of curvature will be reflected back upon itself because it strikes the mirror normally to the surface.F: focal pointFa light ray traveling parallel to the central axis of the mirrorwill be reflected to the focal point F, with FM=CM/2The distance FM is called the focal length f.MPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 8concave mirrors: an object outside FOFstep 1: draw the ray from the top of the object parallel to the central axis and its reflection (through F).step 2: draw the ray from the top of the object through F and itsreflection (parallel to the central axis)step 3: note that a ray from the bottom of the object just reflects back.the image of the top of the object is located where the reflected rays meetconstruct the image IIPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 9concave mirrors: an object outside FOFIThe image is:a) inverted (upside down)b) real (light rays pass through it)c) smaller than the objectPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 10concave mirrors: an object outside FOFIdistance object-mirror: pdistance image-mirror: qdistance focal point-mirror: fmirror equation: 1/p + 1/q = 1/fgiven p,f this equation can be used to calculate qmagnification: M=-q/pcan be used to calculate magnification.• if negative: the image is inverted• if smaller than 1, object is demagnifiedPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 11example¾ An object is placed 12 cm in front of a a concave mirror with focal length 5 cm. What are: ¾ a) the location of the image¾ b) the magnificationPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 12concave mirrors: an object inside FOFstep 1: draw the ray from the top of the object parallel to the central axis and its reflection (through F).step 3: note that a ray from the bottom of the object just reflects back.step 2: draw the ray from the top of the object through F and itsreflection (parallel to the central axis)Ithe image of the top of the object is located where the reflected rays meet: in this you must draw virtual rays on the other side of the lenscreate the imagethe image is:a) not invertedb) virtualc) magnifiedPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 13concave mirrors: an object inside FOF Ithe image is:a) not invertedb) virtualc) magnifiedThe lens equation and equation for magnification are stillvalid. However, since the image is now on the otherside of the mirror, its sign should be negativePHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 14example¾ an object is placed 2 cm in front of a lens with a focal length of 5 cm. What are the a) image distance and b) the magnification?PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 15demo: the virtual pigPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 16step 2: draw the ray from the top of the object through F and itsreflection (parallel to the central axis)convex mirrors: an object outside F (p>|f|)OFstep 3: note that a ray from the bottom of the object just reflects back.the image of the top of the object is located where the reflected rays meetconstruct the image IIstep 1: draw the ray from the top of the object parallel to the central axis and its reflection (through F).F is now located on the otherside of the mirrorPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 17convex mirrors: an object outside F (p>|f|)OFIF is now located on the otherside of the mirrorthe image is:a) not invertedb) virtualc) demagnifiedThe lens/mirror equation and equation for magnification are still valid. However, since the image and focal point are now on the other side of the mirror, their signs should be negativePHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 18example¾ an object with a height of 3 cm is placed 6 cm in front of a convex mirror, with f=-3 cm. What are a) the image distance and b) the magnification?PHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 19convex mirrors with p < |f|¾ the situation is exactly the same as for the situation with p > |f|. The demagnification will be different though…OFIFPHY232 - Remco Zegers - Mirrors and lenses 20Mirrors: an overview¾ mirror equation 1/p + 1/q = 1/f ¾ f=R/2 where R is the radius of the mirror¾ magnification: M=-q/p type p? image image directionMqf+


View Full Document

MSU PHY 232 - mirrors and lenses

Download mirrors and lenses
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view mirrors and lenses and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view mirrors and lenses 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?