SGSC BIOL 2210K - Chapter 10- The Muscular System: Part B

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10Muscles of the ThoraxSlide 3Slide 4Slide 5Muscles of the Abdominal WallSlide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Muscles of the Pelvic FloorSlide 12Muscles of the PerineumSlide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Superficial Muscles of the ThoraxSlide 19Slide 20Slide 21Superficial Muscles of the Posterior ThoraxSlide 23Slide 24PowerPoint® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal CollegeC H A P T E RCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.10 The Muscular System: Part BCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Thorax•Muscles of respiration•External intercostals—more superficial muscles that elevate ribs for inspiration•Internal intercostals—deeper muscles that aid forced expiration•Diaphragm•Partition between thoracic and abdominal cavities•Most important muscle in inspiration•Innervated by phrenic nervesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.10aExternalintercostal(a)InternalintercostalCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the ThoraxPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Internal intercostalsPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: External intercostalsCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.10bForamen foresophagusCostal cartilageLumbarvertebraXiphoid process of sternumDiaphragmQuadratuslumborum Psoas majorForamen for inferiorvena cavaCentraltendon ofdiaphragmForamenfor aorta12th rib(b)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Abdominal Wall•Four paired muscles; their fasciae and aponeuroses form the lateral and anterior abdominal wall•Internal obliques•External obliques•Transversus abdominis•Rectus abdominisCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.11aTransversus abdominisInternal obliqueExternal obliqueAponeurosis of theexternal oblique (a)Pectoralis majorLinea albaTendinousintersectionRectusabdominis Inguinal ligament(formed by free inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis)Serratus anteriorCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Abdominal Wall•Fascicles of these muscles run at angles to one another, providing added strength•All are innervated by intercostal nerves•Actions of these muscles•Lateral flexion and rotation of the trunk•Help promote urination, defecation, childbirth, vomiting, coughing, and screamingCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.11bTransversusabdominisInguinalligamentLumbarfasciaLumbarfasciaInternalobliquePubictubercleRectusabdominisExternaloblique(b)IIiac crestCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Abdominal WallPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Internal obliquesPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: External obliquesPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Rectus abdominisPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Transversus abdominisCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Pelvic Floor •Pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) is composed of two paired muscles•Levator ani•Coccygeus•Both are innervated by sacral nervesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Pelvic Floor •Functions of the pelvic diaphragm•Seals the inferior outlet of the pelvis•Supports pelvic organs•Lifts pelvic floor to help release feces •Resists increased intra-abdominal pressureCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Perineum•Urogenital diaphragm•Anterior half of perineum, inferior to pelvic floor•Deep transverse perineal muscle•External urethral sphincter (voluntary control of urination)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.12aPelvicdiaphragmSymphysis pubis(a)Levator aniPiriformisPosteriorAnteriorCoccyxCoccygeusObturatorinternusIIiococcygeusLevatorani PubococcygeusUrogenital diaphragmUrethraVaginaAnal canalCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.12bInferior pubic ramusExternal urethralsphincterUrethralopening Vaginalopening Deeptransverseperineal muscleCentral tendonAnusExternal analsphincterMale(b)FemaleCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Muscles of the Perineum•Muscles of superficial perineal space•Ischiocavernosus•Bulbospongiosus•Superficial transverse perineal muscles•External anal sphincter (in posterior half of perineum)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.12cMaleFemalePenisMidline rapheIschiocavernosusClitorisUrethralopeningAnusVaginalopeningBulbospongiosusSuperficialtransverseperineal muscleLevator ani(c)Gluteus maximusCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (b)PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (a)Superficial Muscles of the Thorax•Most are extrinsic shoulder muscles•Act in combination to fix the shoulder girdle (mostly the scapula) and move it to increase range of arm movements•Actions include elevation, depression, rotation, lateral and medial movements, protraction, and retraction •Two groups of muscles: anterior and posteriorCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Superficial Muscles of the Thorax•Anterior extrinsic shoulder muscles•Pectoralis minor•Serratus anterior•Subclavius•(Pectoralis major considered later with muscles that act on the humerus)PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (b)PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (a)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles that act on the shoulder joint and humerus: An overview (b)Figure 10.13aSubclaviusClavicleSubscapularisPectoralis minorCoracobrachialisSerratus anteriorHumerusSternocleido-mastoidDeltoidPectoralismajor SternumBiceps brachii(a)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Superficial Muscles of the ThoraxPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Serratus anteriorPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Pectoralis minorCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Superficial Muscles of the Posterior Thorax•Posterior extrinsic shoulder muscles•Trapezius•Levator scpulae•Rhomboids (major and minor)•(Latissimus dorsi considered later with muscles that act on the humerus)PLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Movement of the pectoral girdlePLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Muscles of the pectoral girdle (c)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 10.13cTrapezius(c)LevatorscapulaeSupraspinatusClavicleSpine ofscapula InfraspinatusTeres minorHumerusDeltoidTeres majorLatissimusdorsiRhomboidminorRhomboidmajorCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Superficial Muscles of the Posterior ThoraxPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Levator scapulaPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: TrapeziusPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Rhomboid majorPLAYPLAYA&P Flix™: Rhomboid


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SGSC BIOL 2210K - Chapter 10- The Muscular System: Part B

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