ECOL 1000 1nd Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture I Selective breeding vs genetic modification II Frankenfish III Bt corn IV Golden rice Outline of Current Lecture II GMOs III Mosanto IV Bt corn case study V Regulation of GMOs Current Lecture GMOS o Improve nutritional value o Faster growth o Longer shelf life o Resist pests o Resist harsh environments o Tolerate herbicides o Medical treatments Monsanto o Manufactured DDT in 1944 o 1982 first genetically modified plant cell o 1987 first field tests of GM crops o 2002 biotech giant o Many lawsuits filed against farmers for saving seeds Environmental risks of Bt corn case study o Lepidoptera could eat pollen that falls on host plants o EPA response Monarch breeding and bt pollen shed may not coincide Challenge monarchs use cornfield milkweed throughout the growing season Monarchs prefer milkweed away from corn Cornfield milkweed supports higher per plant monarch densities Typical pollen levels have little to no effect Few milkweeds are found very close to cornfields Milkweed is common in and near cornfields These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Ecologists Monarchs may be particularly susceptible to impacts of exposure to bt corn pollen Most monarchs in Mexican come from the corn belt Monarchs lay eggs on milkweed in corn fields Modus Operandi safe until proven unsafe Bt corn was licensed before ecological effects were adequately studied Licensing decisions based on incomplete and inaccurate information Strain of bt corn expressed low levels of toxins in pollen Regulation of GMOs o USDA evaluates potential risks of GMOs to livestock and crops o EPA evaluates genetically modified plants for environmental safety toxins in the environment o FDA evaluates pharmaceuticals food products and additives
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