Chemistry 501 Handout 10 Lipids Chapter 10Chemistry 501 Handout 10LipidsChapter 10Dep. of Chemistry & BiochemistryProf. IndigLehninger. Principles of Biochemistry.by Nelson and Cox, 5thEdition; W.H. Freeman and CompanyTwo conventions for naming fatty acids.Fatty AcidsStearic acid Oleic acidThe packing of fatty acids into stable aggregatesGlycerol and a triacylglycerolTriacylglycerols provide stored energy and insulationFatty stores in cells Guinea pig adipocytes Cotyledon cell from a seed of ArabidopsisFatty acid composition of three food fatsMany foods contain triacylglycerolsWaxes serve as energy stores and water repellentsTriacontanoylpalmitateThe major component of beeswaxSome common types of storage and membrane lipidsGlycerophospholipidsThe backbone ofphospholipidsSome phospholipids have ether-linked fatty acidsThree glycolipids of chloroplast membranesGalactolipidsand sulfolipidsArchaebacteria contain unique membrane lipidsSphingolipids are derivatives of sphingosineSphingolipids at cell surfaces are sites of biological recognitionGlycosphingolipids as determinants of blood groupsPhospholipids and sphingolipids are degraded in lysosomesThe specificities of phospholipasesAbnormal ganglioside deposits in lysosomes (brain cell)Tay-SachsInherited human diseases resulting from abnormal accumulations of membrane lipidsSterols have four fused carbon ringsCholesterolArachidonic acid and some eicosanoid derivativesSteroids derived from cholesterolVitamin D3production and metabolisma hormone that regulates Ca+2uptake in the intestines and calcium levels in kidney and bonesRicketsGene SLC24A5Two variantsDifference: just one amino acidVitamin A1and its precursor and derivativesIsoprene structural unitSome other biologically active isoprenoid compoundsinvolved in the formation ofactive prothrombinfibrinogen fibrinWisconsin Alumni Research Foundation + arininhibits the formation of active prothrombinLipids as pigments in plants and bird feathersWorking with LipidsDetermination of the structure of a fatty acid by mass