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Chapter 4 Information Technology and the Design of WorkLearning ObjectivesReal World ExampleSlide 4Approach to WorkVirtual OrganizationsSlide 7WORK DESIGN FRAMEWORKWORK DESIGN FRAMEWORKPowerPoint PresentationHOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATIONIT to Facilitate CommunicationSlide 13Slide 14Slide 15IT to Facilitate CollaborationSlide 17HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CHANGES THE NATURE OF WORKCreating New Types of WorkNew Ways to do Traditional WorkSlide 21Slide 22Slide 23New Challenges in Managing PeopleSlide 25Slide 26HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CHANGES WHERE WORK IS DONE AND WHO DOES ITTelecommuting and Mobile WorkFactors Driving Telecommuting and Mobile WorkSlide 30Disadvantages of Telecommuting and Mobile WorkSlide 32Managerial Issues In Telecommuting and Mobile WorkVIRTUAL TEAMSVirtual TeamsDisadvantages and Challenges of Virtual TeamsSlide 37Managerial Issues in Virtual TeamsSlide 39GAINING ACCEPTANCE FOR IT-INDUCED CHANGEGaining acceptance for IT-induced ChangeSlide 42FOOD FOR THOUGHT: security with remote workersSecurity With Remote WorkersSUMMARYSummaryChapter 4Information Technology and the Design of WorkManaging and Using Information Systems: A Strategic Approachby Keri Pearlson & Carol SaundersChapter 42Learning Objectives•Understand how IT has changed the nature of work.•Define virtual organizations and how they work.•List the technologies that are used to support communication and collaboration.•Explain telecommuting and the technologies that support telecommuting.•Discuss how managers need to manage virtual teams, and the challenges this creates.•Understand how attitudes impact technology acceptance in organizations.Chapter 43Real World Example•Best Buy, the leading U.S. retailer in electronics, completely transformed its view of the ordinary workday. •Known for killer hours and herd-riding bosses, it ushered in a new approach to work: Results-Only Work Environment (ROWE).•Brainchild of two passionate employees who thought that Best Buy managers were mired in analog-age inertia and did not recognize that employees could use technology to perform work from a variety of places. •ROWE is a program that allows limitless flexibility when it comes to work hours. –Employees can choose where and when they will do their work --- as long as project goals are satisfied. –Employee decisions about working hours and location are framed by 13 guideposts --- the most surprising of which is “Every meeting is optional.”Chapter 44Real World Example•Best Buy claims that productivity soared 41% between 2005 and 2007 on ROWE teams, and voluntary turnover plummeted 90%. •This helped Best Buy save $16 million each year. •Other companies (IBM, AT&T) have adopted similar strategies.•The nature of work is changing before our eyes --- and information technology is supporting, if not propelling, the changes.Chapter 45Approach to Work•Technology has now brought the approach to work full circle.–Time and place of work are increasingly blended with other aspects of living. •People now can do their work in their own homes at times that accommodate home-life and leisure activities. •They are able to enter cyberspace --- a virtually unlimited space full of opportunities.Chapter 46Virtual Organizations•A structure that makes it possible for individuals to work for an organization and live anywhere. •The Internet and corporate intranets create the opportunity for individuals to work from anyplace they can access a computer.•The structure of a virtual organization is networked.•Everyone has access to everyone else using technology.•E-mail is the most widely used means of communication.•Success in a virtual organization is the amount of collaboration that takes place between individualsChapter 47Real World Example•VeriFone, a leading manufacturer of credit verification systems, is well known for its virtual organization.•Founded in 1981 by an entrepreneur who hated bureaucracy. •By 1990 the leading company for transaction automation with products and services used in more than 80 countries. •Limited presence at corporate headquarters, employees are placed close to their customers (limits travel).•At the heart of the company culture is constant and reliable sharing of information.Chapter 48WORK DESIGN FRAMEWORKChapter 49WORK DESIGN FRAMEWORK•A simple framework can be used to assess how emerging technologies may affect work.•This framework is useful in designing key characteristics of work by asking key questions (see figure 4.1). Such as:–What work will be performed?–What is the best way to do the work?–Who is going to do the work?–Where will the work be performed?–How can IS increase the effectiveness of the workers doing the work ?Chapter 410Figure 4.1 Framework for work design.HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATIONChapter 412IT to Facilitate Communication•E-mail - a way of transmitting messages over communication networks. –First uses of the Internet. –Composted primarily of text but can include other mediums (video, audio, etc.).–Mailing list server•Intranet - Looks and acts like the Internet–Comprised of information used exclusively within a company–Unavailable to the Internet community as a whole.Chapter 413IT to Facilitate Communication•Instant Messaging (IM) – an IP-based instant communication application. –Provides convenient communication between people using computers, cell phones, etc.–Can be used to check on telecommuting employees by managers.•Voice over IP (VoIP) - Method enabling telecommunications (phone calls) to be transmitted over an IP based network.–Skype is a type of VoIP system that permits users to make free phone calls over the Internet.–Very useful for communicating with remote workers.Chapter 414•Video Teleconferencing - set of interactive telecommunication technologies allowing two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously.• Unified communications (UC) - an "evolving communications technology architecture which automates and unifies all forms of human and device communications in context, and with a common experience •RSS - refers to a structured file format for porting data from one platform or information system to another. –Commonly used to keep up to date data at hand.IT to Facilitate CommunicationChapter 415IT to Facilitate Communication•VPN


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CSUN IS 655 - Information Technology

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