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UT Arlington EE 5359 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF H.264 INTRA FRAME CODING, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000 AND JPEG- XR

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF H.264 INTRA FRAME CODING, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000 AND JPEG-XRNeed for CompressionLossless or Lossy CompressionVIDEO COMPRESSION STANDARDSJPEG ENCODER AND DECODERSlide 6Slide 7H.264 BLOCK DIAGRAMSlide 9Slide 10Image Quality MeasuresStructural Similarity Method[SSIM]Slide 13ReferencesSlide 15Slide 16THANK YOU...COMPARATIVE STUDY OF H.264 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF H.264 INTRA FRAME CODING, JPEG, INTRA FRAME CODING, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000 AND JPEG-JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000 AND JPEG-XRXREE 5359 Multimedia Project-Shreyanka SubbarayappaElectrical Engineering DepartmentNeed for CompressionNeed for Compression•"Reduce redundancy of the image or video data in order to be able to store or"transmit"data in an efficient form.•Compressed video can effectively reduce the"bandwidth"required to transmit video"via"terrestrial broadcast, via cable TV, or via"satellite TV services •Increasing importance of multimedia communicationNEED FOR IMAGE OR VIDEO COMPRESIONLossless or Lossy Lossless or Lossy CompressionCompressionLossless compression ◦There is no information loss, and the image can be reconstructed exactly the same as the original◦Applications: Medical imagery, ArchivingLossy compression ◦Information loss is tolerable.◦Applications: commercial distribution (DVD) and rate constrained environment where lossless methods cannot provide enough compression ratioVIDEO COMPRESSION VIDEO COMPRESSION STANDARDSSTANDARDSSTANDARD SOFTWAREMAIN APPLICATIONYEARJPEG JPEG-Baseline Ref.IMAGE 1992-1999JPEG-LS (Part 1) (Part 2JPEG-LS DLLIMAGE 19992000JPEG2000JasPerIMAGE 2000JPEG-XRJPEG-XR ref.IMAGE 2009H.264/MPEG-4 part 10JM software ADVANCED VIDEO CODING2003JPEG ENCODER AND JPEG ENCODER AND DECODERDECODERENCODER [12]DECODER[12]JPEG-Baseline•The name "JPEG" stands for"Joint Photographic Experts Group.•8x8 block based DCT•Scalar quantization •Different quantization tables for luminance and chrominance components•Huffman codingJPEG2000•Extensions are .jp2,".j2k,".jpf,".jpx,".jpm,.mj2•Relies on wavelet transform•"Another difference, in comparison with JPEG, is in terms of visual"artifacts JPEG 2000 produces"ringing artifacts. The codestream obtained after compression of an image with JPEG 2000 is scalable in nature, meaning that it can be decoded in a number of ways; for instance, by truncating the codestream at any point.JPEG-LS"It uses a predictive scheme based on the three nearest (causal) neighbors (upper, left, and upper-left."The lossless coding process employs a simple predictive coding model called differential pulse code modulation (DPCM)Once all the samples are predicted, the differences between the samples can be obtained and entropy-coded in a lossless fashion using"Huffman coding"or arithmetic coding.JPEG-XR• JPEG XR (Joint Photographic Experts Group- Extended Range)"was formerly"known as Windows Media Photo"and"HD Photo• File extensions are given as .hdp, .jxr, .wdp•"HD Photo uses a type of integer transform employing a"lifting scheme, which resembles a 4 × 4 DCT but is lossless (exactly invertible).Block Diagram of JPEG-LS Encoder [13]H.264 BLOCK DIAGRAMH.264 BLOCK DIAGRAMEncoder[14]DECODER [15]H.264/MPEG-4 AVCH.264/MPEG-4 AVC is a block-oriented"motion-compensation-based codec standard developed by the ITU-T" Video Coding Experts Group"(VCEG) together with the"ISO/IEC"Moving Picture Experts Group"(MPEG)Provides good video quality at substantially lower bit rates than previous standards.H.264 is used in such applications as players for"Blu-ray Discs, videos from"YouTube"and the iTunes Store, web software such as Adobe Flash Player"and"Microsoft Silverlight.Image Quality MeasuresImage Quality MeasuresCriteria to evaluate compression qualityTwo types of quality measures Objective quality measure- PSNR, MSE Structural quality measure- SSIMMSE and PSNR for a NxM pixel image are defined as (1) (2) where x is the original image and y is the reconstructed image. M and N are the width and height of an image and ‘L’ is the maximum pixel value in the NxM pixel image.     MmNnnmynmxNMMSE1 12,,*1MSELPSNR210log10Structural Similarity Structural Similarity Method[SSIM]Method[SSIM]SSIM emphasizes that the human visual system is highly adapted to extract structural information from visual scenes. Therefore, structural similarity measurement should provide a good approximation to perceptual image quality.The SSIM index is defined as a product of luminance (l), contrast (c) and structural (s) comparison functions. ….[1] where , α>0, β>0 and γ >0 are parameters used to adjust the relative importance of the three components • where μ is the mean intensity, and σ is the standard deviation as a round estimate of the signal contrast. C1 and C2 are constants. M is the number of samples in the quality map.…[2]….[3]ReferencesReferences[1] AIC website: http://www.bilsen.com/aic/[2] T. Wiegand, G. Sullivan, G. Bjontegaard and A. Luthra, “Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, pp.560-576, July 2003[3] K. Sayood, “Introduction to Data Compression”, Third Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2006.[4] P. Topiwala, T. Tran and W.Dai, “Performance comparison of JPEG2000 and H.264/AVC high profile intra-frame coding on HD video sequences,” Proc. SPIE Int’l Symposium, Digital Image Processing, San Diego, Aug. 2006.[5] G. K. Wallace, “The JPEG still picture compression standard,” Communication of the ACM, vol. 34, pp. 31-44, April 1991.[6] I. Richardson, “The H.264 advanced video compression standard”, Wiley publication, 2nd edition, 2010.[7] JPEG reference software website: ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/msdos/graphics/jpegsr6.zip[8] JPEG2000 latest reference software (Jasper Version 1.900.0) Website: http://www.ece.uvic.ca/~mdadams/jasper/ [9] JPEG-LS reference software website http://www.hpl.hp.com/loco/[10] Microsoft HD photo specification: http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/xps/wmphotoeula.mspx[11] H.264/AVC reference software (JM 17.2) Website: http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/[12] JPEG Encoder and Decoder Block Diagram : http://www.cmlab.csie.ntu.edu.tw/cml/dsp/training/coding/jpeg/jpeg/decoder.htm[13] JPEG-LS Block Diagram:


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UT Arlington EE 5359 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF H.264 INTRA FRAME CODING, JPEG, JPEG-LS, JPEG-2000 AND JPEG- XR

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