Chabot College Fall 2006Course Outline for Astronomy 20INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY: STARS AND THE UNIVERSECatalog Description:20 – Introduction to Astronomy: Stars and The Universe 3 unitsIntroduction to the study of stars, galaxies, and cosmology. Includes the nature of light and matter, telescopes, spectroscopy, stellar formation and evolution, galaxies, quasars, and cosmology. Designed for non-majors in mathematics or a physical science. A companion science lab, Astronomy 30, is also available. 3 hours.[Typical contact hours: 52.5]Prerequisite Skills:NoneExpected Outcomes for Students:Upon completion of the course, the student should be able to:1. review and explain the scientific method, as it applies to astronomy;2. describe the Earth’s position in the universe by comparing the scale and structure of the solar system, galaxies and universe;3. describe the relation between the seasons, constellations, and motion of the Earth about the sun;4. demonstrate a basic knowledge of the nature of light as electromagnetic radiation;5. demonstrate a basic knowledge of telescopes, spectrographs, and other astronomical tools;6. describe the properties of our sun, including its structure, composition, and methods of energy production and transport;7. describe and explain the relationship between energy production in the suns interior, and observable surface phenomena such as sunspots, flares, and magnetism;8. demonstrate a basic knowledge of the age, type, composition, and evolution of stars;9. identify the constituents and properties of the interstellar medium;10. identify and describe the structure, contents, and dynamics of the Milky Way galaxy;11. describe the large-scale structure and contents of the Universe;12. describe and demonstrate understanding of competing cosmological models for the evolution of the universe, as well as contemporary evidence in support of each model;13. demonstrate basic knowledge about the search for life beyond of the Earth, and recent developments in the search for extra solar planets;14. identify at least 10 different seasonal constellations and bright stars, as well as planetsCurrently visible in the night sky.Course Content:1. The Scale of the Cosmosa. Astronomy and the Scientific Methodb. Overview of Astronomyc. Angles and Angular Measured. Powers of Tene. Astronomical Distances and Scale Models2. Sky Watching and Apparent Motion of the Heavensa. Ancient Astronomyb. Constellationsc. Motions of the Skyd. The Celestial SphereChabot CollegeCourse Outline for Astronomy 20, page 2Fall 2006e. The Seasonsf. Precessiong. Sidereal and Solar timeh. The Calendar and Astrology3. Eclipses and the Motion of the Moona. Phases of the Moonb. The Moon’s Rotationc. Eclipses and the Line of Nodesd. Lunar and Solar Eclipses4. Gravitation, Orbital Motion, and the Development of Modern Astronomya. Geocentric Modelsb. Copernicus and the Heliocentric Modelsc. Galileo and the Telescoped. Tycho Brahe’s Observationse. Kepler and the Orbits of the Planetsf. Newton’s Laws of Motiong. Newton’s Law in Everyday Lifeh. Newton and Gravityi. Tides and the Moonj. Einstein and Relativity5. The Nature of Lighta. The Speed of Lightb. The Wave Nature of Lightc. Blackbody Radiationd. Wien’s Law and the Stefan-Boltzmann Lawe. The Particle Nature of Lightf. Kirchhoff’s Lawsg. Atomic Structureh. Spectral Lines and the Bohr Modeli. The Doppler Effect6. Optics and Telescopesa. Refracting Telescopesb. Reflecting Telescopesc. Angular Resolutiond. Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs)e. Spectrographsf. Radio Telescopesg. Telescopes in Space7. Our Star, The Suna. Thermonuclear Reactionsb. A Model of the Sunc. Solar Seismologyd. Solar Neutrinose. The Photospheref. The Chromosphereg. The Coronah. Sunspotsi. The Sunspot Cyclej. The Active Sun8. The Nature of the Starsa. Stellar Distances and Parallaxb. Apparent Brightness and Luminosityc. The Magnitude Scaled. Star Colors and Temperaturese. Spectral ClassesChabot CollegeCourse Outline for Astronomy 20, page 3Fall 2006f. The Sizes of Starsg. The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagramh. Spectroscopic Parallaxi. Binary Stars and Stellar Massesj. Spectroscopy and Close Binariesk. Eclipsing Binaries9. The Birth of Starsa. Modeling Stellar Evolutionb. The Interstellar Mediumc. Protostars and Dark Nebulaed. Reaching the Main Sequencee. Mass Ejection and Accretionf. Young Stars and H II Regionsg. Giant Molecular Cloudsh. Supernovae and Star Birth10. Stellar Evolution: After the Main Sequencea. Red Giantsb. Helium Burningc. Star Clusters and Stellar Evolutiond. Population I and II Starse. Pulsating Starsf. Mass Transfer in Close Binaries11. Stellar Evolution: The Deaths of Starsa. A Second Red-Giant Phaseb. Planetary Nebulaec. White Dwarfsd. The Creation of Heavy Elementse. Supernovaef. Recent Supernova observations including SN1987Ag. Detecting Supernova Neutrinosh. While Dwarfs and Supernovaei. Supernova Remnants12. Neutron Starsa. Neutrons and Neutron Starsb. Pulsarsc. Modeling Pulsarsd. The Crab Nebulae. Pulsar Slowing and Energy Lossf. Inside a Neutron Starg. Millisecond Pulsarsh. Pulsating X-Ray Sourcesi. Novae and X-Ray Burstersj. Beyond Neutron Stars13. Black Holesa. Applications of Special and General Relativityb. Black Holes in Binary Systemsc. Supermassive Black Holesd. The Event Horizone. Mass, Charge, and Spinf. Falling into a Black Holeg. Evaporating Black Holes14. Our Galaxya. The Size, Shape, and Structure of the Galaxyb. Spiral Armsc. The Sun’s Orbit and Dark MatterChabot CollegeCourse Outline for Astronomy 20, page 4Fall 2006d. Density Wavese. At the Center of the Galaxy15. Galaxiesa. Island Universesb. Classifying Galaxiesc. The Distance Ladderd. The Hubble Lawe. Clusters and Superclustersf. Colliding Galaxiesg. Dark Matter in the Universeh. The Evolution of Galaxies16. Quasars, Active Galaxies, and Gamma-Ray Burstsa. The Discovery of Quasarsb. Ultraluminous Galactic Nucleic. Seyfert and Radio Galaxiesd. Active Galaxiese. Black Holes as “Central Engines”f. A Unified Modelg. Gamma-Ray Bursters17. Cosmology: The Cration of the Unviersea. The Dark Night Skyb. The Expanding Universec. The Big Bangd. The Cosmic Microwave Backgrounde. The Universe Before Recombinationf. The Shape of the Universeg. Dark Energyh. The Accelerating Universei. The Future of the Unvierse18. Exploring the Early Universea. Inflationb. Matter, Antimatter, and the Uncertainty Principlec. Annihilation and Symmetry Breakingd. Relics of the Primordial Fireballe. The Origin