Introduction to Data Management ICS 122 ACS 122 Course Web ServerCourse InfoDesiderataDesiderata (cont.)PoliciesMaterial Covered in CS 122Database Management EnvironmentTraditional DBMS GoalsDatabases and File SystemsData AbstractionData AbstractionSchemas and InstancesData ModelEntity-Relationship ModelEntity Relationship Model (Cont.)Relational ModelA Sample Relational DatabaseClassification of DBMSs based on Data ModelDBMS LanguagesData Definition Language (DDL)Data Manipulation Language (DML)SQLApplication ArchitecturesDBMS InterfacePeople Involved with DBMSsDBMS ArchitectureKey Database TechnologiesNeed for Query OptimizationStrategies 1Strategy 2Transaction ConceptExample of TransactionMotivation of IsolationImportance of the TransactionsIntroduction to Data Management ICS 122 AProfessor Mehrotra424, ICS [email protected] Professor Ashish4308 Calit2 [email protected] 122 Course Web ServerAll course information will be posted on lineURL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~ics184/Class Notes available before class on the Web.Course InfoTA Ravi Chandra JamalamadakaOffice and office Hours:Wednesday : 4:00-5:00 PMLocation : Calit2 atriumInstructorOffice Hours:Ashish/MehrotraTue 1:50 – 2:50 pm[email protected], [email protected]Course Text: (either of following two books will suffice)A First Course in Database Systems, Ullman and Widom we will cover the entire bookDatabase Systems Concepts, Silberschatz, Korth, and Sudarshanwe will cover chapters 1-9Software:Course will involve significant programming. You will get exposure to database programming in MySQLDesiderata (cont.)Course Requirements:Problem sets ~ approx. every week to 10 days.Total not to exceed 8MidtermFinal (comprehensive)Grades:Problem sets 15%Personal Database Assignment (project) 25%Midterm 25%Final 35%PoliciesLate AssignmentsNo grace period after due date…. except under exceptional circumstancesjob interviews, out of town trip, breaks etc do not qualify as exceptional circumstances!Working in Groupsdo your homework problem sets in group size not to exceed 3learn moreget better gradesget used to working in groups (important to employers) Do exams and assignments individually!!Material Covered in CS 122Four aspects of studying DBMSsModeling and design of databasesallows exploration of issues before committing to an implementationProgramming: queries and DB operations like update.SQL == “intergalactic dataspeak” DBMS implementationEffect of technology and application advances to database technology.CS 122 == (1) + (2)CS 214 == (3)CS215 == (3) + (4)Applications/queriesQuery processorStorage managerusermetadatadatabaseDatabase: collection of interrelated information about world being modeledDBMS:general purpose software to define, create, modify, retrieve, delete and manipulate a databaseVendors: Informix, Oracle, O2, Sybase, IBM, DECDBMSDatabase Management EnvironmentTraditional DBMS GoalsEfficient management of (faster than files) large amounts of (gigabytes) of persistent (outlasts creator), reliable (outlasts crashes) shared information (multiple users). DBMS Users:small and large corporationsE-commerce companies, banks, airlines, transportation companies, corporate databases, government agencies, defense.Anyone you can think of!Databases and File SystemsDBMSs evolved from file systems.DBMSs provide many features that traditional file systems do not.Support for concurrent access and data sharing. Data consistency in presence of concurrencyReliability in presence of failures and system crashes.Efficient associative access to very large amounts of dataA high level Query language (SQL) to define, create, access, and manipulate data. Support for unanticipated queriessupport for multiple data viewssecurity and authorizationdata abstractionprevention of data redundancy and inconsistenciesData Abstractionprogram data independence: ability to hide details of how data is stored and maintained from application programsprogram-operation independence:ability to hide details of operation implementation from application programs (Object-Orientation)Physical levelLogical LevelView1View 2 View nPhysical description of data, storage organizationConceptual representationCustomized views Data AbstractionHiding system complexity, physical storage details from users and application programsInstance: set of data currently instantiated in databasechanges frequentlySchema: overall design, structure, and constraints over the database referred to as metadatachanges infrequentlyExample:Schema InstanceTablesEmp (ename, dep#)Dept(dep#, dname, mgr)Constraintseach department has a single manager(John, 10), (Cindy, 15), (Martha, 10)(10, Toy, John), (15, Sales, Cindy)EmpSchemas and InstancesdeptData ModelConcepts and tools used to describe DB schemasDifferent models at different abstraction levelsExamples:Entity-Relationship ModelRelational ModelObject-Oriented Model (e.g., ODL)Semi-structured Model (XML)…Entity-Relationship ModelExample of schema in the entity-relationship modelEntity Relationship Model (Cont.)E-R model of real worldEntities (objects) E.g. customers, accounts, bank branchRelationships between entitiesE.g. Account A-101 is held by customer JohnsonRelationship set depositor associates customers with accountsWidely used for database designDatabase design in E-R model usually converted to design in the relational model (coming up next) which is used for storage and processingRelational ModelExample of tabular data in the relational modelcustomer-nameCustomer-idcustomer-streetcustomer-cityaccount-numberJohnsonSmithJohnsonJonesSmith192-83-7465019-28-3746192-83-7465321-12-3123019-28-3746AlmaNorthAlmaMainNorthPalo AltoRyePalo AltoHarrisonRyeA-101A-215A-201A-217A-201AttributesA Sample Relational DatabaseClassification of DBMSs based on Data Model Relational DBMSs:modeling concept: tables and constraints on tablesQuery Language: SQLApplications: suited for traditional business processing applicationsObject Oriented DBMSsmodeling concepts: objects, classes, inheritanceQuery Language: object oriented OQLApplications: suited for CAD databases, multimedia