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Mizzou ANTHRO 2050 - Finishing Sexual Selection and Starting Genetics

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Anthro2050 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Sexual Selection ContinuedII.Humans and Sexual SelectionOutline of Current Lecture I. Mate Preference II. GeneticsCurrent LectureMate Preference:Many studies have been done that ask humans what traits they prefer in the opposite sex when looking for a mate. Cross culturally and over time, males and females have both expressed preferences towards traits that express personality; nice, interesting to talk to, mutual attractionand interest, respect, etc.Cross culturally, females tended to rank higher a preference for traits in males that show that the male can provide for a family and will stay and invest in a family; affluent, good job prospects, likes children, cares for family, etc.Cross culturally, males tended to rank higher a preference for traits in females that indicate fertility, health, and a long reproductive cycle; good looks (clear skin and eyes, certain waist to hip ratio indicating fertility), cooking abilities, youth, etc.Culture and modern media has slightly altered some of these trait preferences today versus howthey were in, say, the nineteen thirties. Cross culturally and in both sexes there has been, a decrease in the importance of chastity in a mate, increase in importance of physical appearance, increase in importance of the financial prospects of females with a decrease in the importance of domestic skills, and a major increase in the importance of romantic love and attraction in a relationship.Genetics:These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- a major problem for evolutionary scientists in Darwin's time, and before, was trying to figure out how traits were passed from generation to generation, without much knowledge of genetics.- In the middle ages the theory was that, in the head of the sperm there was a tiny fetus alreadythere and when the sperm logged in the uterus wall, it expanded and the baby grew.- later, there was a theory of blending inheritance, where the traits of the mother and father just randomly blended together, like taking two cans of paint and splashing them against a wall.- Darwin thought that all of the cells in the body shed off things called "gemmels" that travelled to your reproductive organs and passed information from there- A monk named Mendel lead the way to our knowledge of modern genetics with some very detailed experiments at his monastery involving 34 varieties of 28, 000 pea plants. He noticed that some plants had different characteristics; i.e. some peas were yellow and round and others green and wrinkly.- Mendel combined pea plants with different traits, and took extremely detailed notes of how the traits were distributed over several generations. The first generation would have only one set of traits, but the following generations would start to show some of the other traits. Mendel figured out that some traits were dominant and masked other recessive traits.- Gene: a unit of inheritance which occurs at a specific place on a chromosome that provides specific information about a trait- Allele: the alternate forms of a specific gene, resulting in variation. Some traits are ruled by several genes and/or alleles, causing a wider variation than if they were ruled by only one. i.e. skin, hair, and eye colors.- Dominant: the allele that prevents the expression of the variation. When talking about genetics, is often shown in upper case letters (YY)- Recessive: the allele that holds a variation of the dominant trait, often expressed in lower case letters (yy) If a person has one dominant allele and one recessive, the dominant trait will show, but the recessive trait can be passed on to offspring (Yy). If a person has only the recessive allele, the recessive trait will show (yy).- Genotype: the genetic code for your alleles (YY) (Yy) or (yy)- Phenotype: the way your traits are physically expressedMendel's Law of Segregation: genes occur in individuals as pairs and during the production of sex cells, the pairs split, allowing new pairings and combinations of genes at


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Mizzou ANTHRO 2050 - Finishing Sexual Selection and Starting Genetics

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