U of M ECE 4501 - ArrowheadWeston Transmission Line Project

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Arrowhead-Weston Transmission Line Project Dave Van House Minnesota PowerDescription & OverviewWhy was it proposed?Slide 4Slide 5MinnesotaRecent Regional ProblemsSlide 8Slide 9IMPACT OF June 25, 1998 DISTURBANCESlide 11Slide 12Wisconsin ActionsSlide 14PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONPower Flow AnalysisGenerator ResponseDynamic StabilityVoltage StabilityEngineering to Support PermittingTransmission Line NoiseSlide 23Arrowhead Substation NoiseOther Engineering IssuesSlide 26Opposition to the project:Slide 28Slide 29Common Utility CorridorSlide 31Slide 32954 ACSR 2-Conductor Bundle with Shield WireSingle 3M Composite ConductorPost Permit StudiesEquipment SpecificationsSlide 37Construction Impact StudiesOperating StudiesSummarySlide 41ArrowheadWestonTransmission LineProjectDave Van HouseMinnesota PowerDescription & Overview220 mile 345,000 volt electric transmission lineApproved by the Minnesota and Wisconsin regulators in 2001Construction Began in Minnesota February 2004Construction to Begin in Wisconsin Fall 2004Construction scheduled to be completed in 2008Why was it proposed?Reliability!!Improves Regional System SecurityProvides Maintenance & Operational FlexibilityAllows Customers Greater Access to Generation Sources101002003004005006007001Intertie Capacity vs Energy Usage by StatePer Unit Intertie Capacity (kVA/GWh)Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa Illinois Nebraska S. Dakota N. DakotaRankLastwww.powerupwisconsin.comMinnesota Minnesota’s electric network is tied to neighboring states.If Wisconsin has a problem, Minnesota has a problem.Minnesota Power customers have been knocked off line by electric system disturbances related to the weak Minnesota-Wisconsin connection.Recent Regional ProblemsJune 11, 1997June 25, 1998June 10, 1999IMPACT OF June 25, 1998 DISTURBANCEIN MAPP■60+ TRANSMISSION LINES TRIPPED■4,000+ MW OF GENERATION LOST■More Than 39,000+ CUSTOMERS AFFECTEDIN NW ONTARIO■BLACK OUT TO 113,000 CUSTOMERS■650 MW OF LOAD LOST ■270 MW OF Generation LostWisconsin Actions1997 events raise concerns about electric supply reliability in WisconsinWisconsin utilities and regulators form Wisconsin Reliability Assessment Organization (WRAO)WRAO forms engineering group to study alternatives - WIRES groupPERFORMANCE EVALUATIONDETAILED POWER FLOWS SIMULATIONGENERATOR RESPONSEDYNAMIC STABILITYVOLTAGE STABILITYIMPACT ON MAPPCONSTRUCTION COSTSLOSS EVALUATIONPower Flow AnalysisReactive Voltage Support RequirementsSteady State Maximum Transfer capabilitySensitivity to Modeling AssumptionsTransmission System Loss AnalysisGenerator ResponseMechanical Stress on Weston Generator Shaft ■Large Phase Angle Across MAPP MAIN Interface■Eau Claire Arpin Line Switching■Instanteous change in Power outputDynamic StabilityAbility of Systems Generators to remain synchronized and recover from Major System DisturbanceMAPP WUMS DisturbancesLoss of New FacilitiesImpact on Existing Limiting ConditionsDynamic Reactive Support RequirementsVoltage StabilityAbility of the System to Maintain Adequate Voltage Following a DisturbanceWithout Adequate Voltage Support System can Experience■Increased Current Demand (P = VI)■Slowly Declining Voltage■Loss of Voltage Sensitive Loads■Voltage CollapseEngineering to Support Permitting Calculation of;■AUDIBLE NOISE■ELECTRIC FIELD■MAGNETIC FIELDAnalysis of Potential Farm Impacts■Stray Voltage■Earth CurrentsMagnetic FieldElectric FieldSpark DischargeMultiple RoutesMultiple StructuresMultiple CircuitsMultiple FlowsFuture YearsEMF IssuesTransmission Line NoiseDue to Corona Discharge■Electric Field at surface of the conductor exceeds the breakdown strength of air■Generates light, audible noise radio noise and energy lossesMitigation■Increase Conductor Surface area•Larger Conductors•Multiple conductorsSubstation Noise MonitoringLong TermShort TermExistingEquipmentImpact ofAdditionsArrowhead Substation NoiseOther Engineering IssuesDifferential GPS Interference (Precision Farming)Electric & Magnetic Field ■Impacts on Pacemakers and implantable Defibulators■Impacts on Railroad, Pipeline and AM Radio Transmitter sitesOpposition to the project:Save Our Unique LandsCitizens Utility BoardWisconsin Environmental DecadeNorth American Water OfficeHillside DairyWorld Organization of Landowner FreedomCommon Utility CorridorVisual Impact Of CrossingExisting 161 kV H-Frame954 ACSR 2-ConductorBundle with Shield WireSingle 3M Composite ConductorPost Permit StudiesEquipment SpecificationConstruction Support AnalysisOperating studiesEquipment SpecificationsTransient studies■Breaker Switching Duties•Shunt Reactor•Shunt Capacitor•345 & 230 kV line breakers■Capacitor Bank Switching Issues•Voltage Magnification■Insulation Coordination•Surge Arrester rating & placement•Equipment BIL requirements•Line InsulationConstruction Impact StudiesConstructability■Line outage concerns■Maintenance issues■Ownership IssuesIncreased CostLandowner OppositionOperating StudiesDetermination of Operating Limits■Reactive Support Requirements•Shunt Capacitor location optimization■Line Loadability Issues•System Intact and Post Contingency■Phase Shifter Requirements•Line load sharing optimization•Post Contingency requirements■New Flow-Gate Limits•System Intact and Post ContingencySummaryOperating experience has shown there is a significant risk to electrical reliability in the upper Midwest and WisconsinEngineering study commissioned through Assembly Act 204WRAO recommendation Arrowhead Weston 345 kV LineSummaryThe Arrowhead-Weston Project will substantially alleviate the reliability problems being experienced due to the weak electrical tie between the upper Midwest and Wisconsin.It will also provide import capability for Wisconsin to meet its emergency power supply


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