Plant DevelopmentSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Plant DevelopmentHow does plant development differ from animal development?Where do the various parts of a plant come from?= hemicellulosePlant Cell WallCellulose microfibrils in cell wallMicrotubules beneath plasma membraneCellulose microfibril synthesisCellulose microfibrils of primary cell wallPlant cell expansion:Loosen wall in a particular dimensionDrive expansion with turgor pressureSecondary walls have more layers of polysaccharides, lignin cross-linking.A thicker wall cannot stretch.Zhong and Ye (2007) Current Opinion in Plant Biology 10: 564-572Arabidopsis embryo development inside the seedEmbryo fate mapVegetative Shoot apical meristem (SAM)Vegetative shoot apical meristem (SAM)Bushy mutants of peaMorris et al. (2001) Plant Physiology 126: 1205-1213Umehara et al. (2008) Nature 455, 195-200 Mutants define the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis, pea, and riceSynthesisResponseUmehara et al. (2008) Nature 455, 195-200 GR24 inhibits bud outgrowth in strigolactone-deficient mutantsRice ArabidopsisModel for mechanism of apical dominanceShoot apical meristem, leaf primordiaRoot, StemLateral budStrigolactonetransportAuxin transportAuxintransport(PIN proteins)Strigolactone inhibits transport from lateral budBud grows if it can export auxinRoot meristemConfocal microscope image of Arabidopsis rootCyclin::GFPWhich cells are the stem cells?Which cells are the stem cells?************* * ****0d 1d 3d 5dEffect of ablation of quiescent center (QC) on tissue-specific marker gene expression(from Sabatini et al., 1999, Cell 99: 463-472)The Quiescent Center is the stem cell nicheWhole embryos can self-organize from somatic cellsFriday, April 9th – Class will be in 101 GreenlawRegulatory function of Rb proteinWild type Rb-related RNAi silencedSilencing Rb-related gene results in extra stem cellsWildwater et al. (2005) Cell 123: 1337-1349(Brown marks starch in differentiated root cap cells.)Control Ectopic Rb-related expressionEctopic expression of Rb-related gene results in loss of stem cellsWildwater et al. (2005) Cell 123: 1337-1349(slight overexpression)(strong
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