BBMMEE 220000//330000:: BBIIOOMMEEDDIICCAALL EENNGGIINNEEEERRIINNGG DDEESSIIGGNN UUmmbbiilliiccaall CCoorrdd MMooddeell ffoorr UUmmbbiilliiccaall VVeeiinn CCaatthheetteerriizzaattiioonn TTrraaiinniinngg −− TTHHEE UUMMBBIILLIICCAALL TTEEAAMM –– PPRROOGGRREESSSS RREEPPOORRTT 77 Friday, October 26 to Thursday, November 1, 2007 Clients: Advisor: DDrr.. JJuulliiee KKeesssseell PPrrooffeessssoorr BBrreennddaa OOggllee Department of Pediatrics Department of Biomedical Engineering 608‐417‐6236 (office) 2144 Engineering Centers Building 608‐265‐7000 (pager; code: 6318) 608‐265‐8267 / [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] SShhaarroonn BBlloohhoowwiiaakk Neonatal research laboratory 608‐ 417‐5780/ [email protected] Team Members: AAnnnn SSaaggsstteetttteerr PPaaddrraaiicc CCaasssseerrllyy Team Leader (Leadership & Progress Reports) Team Leader (Finance and Time Contributions) 507‐951‐8735 / [email protected] 507‐269‐9901 / [email protected] SSoonnggyyuu NNgg ((aakkaa KKeellvviinn)) AAnnggwweeii LLaaww Communicator BSAC 608‐770‐7855 / [email protected] 310‐804‐7028 / [email protected] TTiimmootthhyy BBaallggeemmaannnn BWIG 630‐903‐9811 / [email protected] IInniittiiaall PPrroobblleemm SSttaatteemmeenntt:: The American Academy of Pediatrics Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) is required training for thousands of physicians and medical staff who attend the delivery of newborns. Placement of an intravenous catheter in the umbilical vein of the cord stump in a distressed newborn is one way to provide life saving medication and is a skill that is essential to the NRP course. Hands‐on training in the placement of an umbilical venous catheter has received increased attention and emphasis since the 2005 update of the NRP course. Currently, two models for hands‐on training are available. Some companies make newborn models for CPR that also have artificial umbilical cords (ex Laerdol). These models appear to inadequately mimic placement in a real cord and are very expensive. Alternatively, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends using sections of an umbilical cord obtained after delivery. The cord section is placed in a glass baby bottle with part of the nipple cut off so the cord extends about 1/2 an inch from the top of the nipple. While this model has the advantage of using a real cord, the cord is secured poorly and thus does not adequately mimic placement in a newborn. My design idea is to make a support for real umbilical cords that would more closely mimic the umbilical stump of a newborn. The model could be made out of a material that might mimic the abdominal wall, such as ballistic grade gel, and might perhaps have two halves that clamp around a section of real cord. The model could mimic the curves of the umbilical vein after it enters the body, making placement more realistic. Ultimately, this model, which would best be quite inexpensive and disposable, could be marketed to the over 25,000 individuals in the US who teach NRP and would likely represent a vast improvement over the "baby bottle" model. RReevviisseedd PPrroobblleemm SSttaatteemmeenntt To construct a model optimized for use in the umbilical vein catheterization training program, a suitable method is to be devised to firmly hold a fresh umbilical cord in place. In addition, the model needs to accurately mimic the external texture and internal structure of the human neonatal abdomen. LLaasstt WWeeeekk’’ss GGooaallss:: • Compute the forces of the cuff on the cord (i.e.: shear forces, normal forces) at variable pressures. • Regulate the pressure of the cuff to the calculated pressures, and measure the forces exerted on the cord by the cuff in reality to compare with our calculations • Test the resiliency of these ideas during umbilical vein catheterization SSuummmmaarryy ooff AAccccoommpplliisshhmmeennttss:: This week we prepared for our experiment. Tonight (Thursday) at 6pm, we will set the cords and prepare all of the laboratory materials. Tomorrow, Friday, we will test our different stabilization proposals. Below is our proposed timeline for Thursday and Friday. Thursday 1. Fix pure gelatin in 1 centrifuge tube 2. Suspend 1 umbilical cord in 1 centrifuge tube without gelatin and subject it under gelatin‐fixing conditions 3. Fix 3 umbilical cords in 3 centrifuge tubes with gelatin Required laboratory materials = 2 to 4 umbilical cords, 5 centrifuge tubes, 1 refrigerator, hot water, 2 stirrers Tools to be brought = gelatin, mixing bowl, strings, tall container for fixing centrifuge tube in gelatin Friday 1. Observe volumetric changes in pure gelatin after fixing 2. Observe changes in tissue properties of pure umbilical cord after undergoing gelatin‐fixing conditions 3. Observe changes in tissue properties of gelatin‐coated umbilical cord after undergoing gelatin‐fixing conditions 4. Measure the amount of force required to remove the cord‐in‐gel device from the centrifuge tube 5. Quantify the deformability of the cord‐in‐gel device under radial and axial stresses 6. Approximate the relative coefficients of friction between various materials and the centrifuge tube or umbilical cord 7. Approximate the amount of air pressure in the blood pressure cuff needed to collapse the
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