1CE 421/521 Environmental Biotechnology - Sample Exam 2 Name:__________________ Directions: Circle the letter corresponding to the best answer for the following questions (2 points each).1. When the spread of disease is across continents, it is calleda. epidemicb. endemicc. histemicd. pandemic2. In reference to public health microbiology, MID refers to thea. most immunodeficient diseaseb. maximum ingestive diseasec. minimum infective dosed. mild ingestive disorder3. Bacterial content of fecal matter is approximately;a. 0.09%b. 0.9%c. 9%d. 90%4. Yersinia are bacteria thata. are thermophilicb. have snails as intermediate hostsc. are well correlated with indicator organismsd. cause liver damagee. swine act as major reservoirsf. all of the above5. The infective dose for Giardia and Cryptosporidium is typicallya. one organismb. 1-10c. greater than 101 but fewer than 102d. greater than 102 but fewer than 1046. The helminth that affects nearly 200 million people worldwide, has part of its life cycle in snails,burrows through the skin, matures in the liver, and is excreted in urine is:a. Ascarisb. Dracunciliasisc. Guinea Wormd. Schistosoma7. The physician typically credited with the discovery of the epidemiological evidence that cholera wasspread through contaminated drinking water wasa. John Snowb. Antonie van Leewenhoekc. Louis Pasteurd. C. Everett Coop28. Conventional water treatment plants typically have poor removal ofa. radiumb. arsenicc. pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptorsd. all of the above9. The bacteria involved in biological phosphorus removal and biological nitrogen removal oftencompete for:a. available electron acceptorb. available electron donorc. available nutrientsd. all of the above10. Disinfection causes inactivation of pathogens by:a. destruction of cellular componentsb. interference with energy yielding metabolismc. interference with biosyntehsis and growthd. all of the above11. Which of the following would not typically be found in water treatment plant filters?a. sand with a uniformity coefficient of 1.2b. gravel c. vermiculited. anthracite coale. none of the above12. A treatment system consisting of rotating plastic media, with substantial biofilm attachment, partiallysubmerged in a basin containing wastewater is termed a:a. trickling filterb. rotating biological contactorc. vertical loop reactord. fluidized bed reactor13. A large basin with a surface aerator followed by a clarifier for solids settling with a long SRT wouldbe an example of a:a. extended aeration activated sludgeb. facultative lagoonc. anaerobic lagoond. trickling filter14. Which of the following sludge treatment processes does not result in significant reduction in thevolume of sludge to be subsequently handled:a. thickeningb. digestionc. conditioningd. dewatering315. If the ratio of fecal coliform/fecal strep in an environmental sample is 0.7, it is an indication that thecontamination originated froma. human originb. animal originc. mixture of human and animal origind. not possible to tell if human or animal origin16. Desirable sites for biocides to attack include all but which of the following:a. cytoplasmic membraneb. nucleic acidsc. flagella d. structural proteins17. Turbidity affects disinfection bya. shielding pathogensb. increasing the osmotic pressure of a solutionc. increasing the conductivity of a water sampled. all of the above18. The strength of disinfectants generally ranges as follows:a. ozone < chlorine dioxide < chlorine < chloraminesb. ozone > chlorine dioxide >chloramines > chlorinec. ozone > chlorine dioxide > chlorine > chloramines d. chlorine dioxide >ozone > chlorine > chloramines19. During activated sludge treatment, theory suggests that the primary parameter controlling biological treatment performance isa. solids retention timeb. hydraulic retention timec. clarifier surface aread. recycle ratee. none of the above20. Fixed film processes have an advantage over suspended growth processes in that they havea. higher biomass concentrationsb. longer solids retention timesc. can handle variable loadingd. lower sludge production e. all of the above4Particulate HydrolysisComplex Biodegradable Particulatesa._____________________ LipidsAmino Acids and Simple SugarsLong ChainFatty AcidsAcidogenesise. _____________c. ________ d. _______b___________i. _________j. ______Methanogenesish.________________________f. ______________ g. _____________1234567II. Short answerList the letter from the diagram above that corresponds best to the following (2 points each):______ aceticlastic methanogens ______ volatile acids (propionic, butyric, etc.)______ proteins and carbohydrates ______ hydrogen oxidizing acetogens______ hydrogen ______ fermentation______ methane ______ acetic acid______ hydrogen oxidizing methanogens ______ anaerobic oxidation5III. Short answerA. (20 points) Use the following arrangement of tanks to provide the treatment objectives indicated. For each ofthe arrangements provide:a. the official name of the process, b. what the major reactions are,c. whether the basin is aerated,d. what the recycle and recirculation streams are1. two basin system for phosphorus removal2. two basin system for nitrogen removal3. five basin system for combined nitrogen and phosphorus removal4. three basin system for combined nitrogen and phosphorus removalB. (10 points) What volume storage tank would be required to achieve 3 log inactivation of giardia cysts for awater treatment facility operating at 6 mgd (million gallons per day)? Assume a free chlorine residual concentrationof 1.1 mg/L, pH = 8.5, and temperature = 10/C. Use the attached Table for your calculation.6C. (10 points) Calculate the MPN/100 mL for the following:1.0 mL 0.1 mL 0.01 mL 0.001 mL 0.0001