Chapter 10Types of CrisisThe AlcoholicDefense MechanismsInterventionsThe Co-DependentSlide 7Slide 8Cocaine, Crack, Crystal MethMarijuanaLSD and EctasyHeroinDrugs & Their EffectsChapter 10Crises Related toSubstance AbuseTypes of Crisis1. Medical2. Legal3. Psychological4. SpiritualThe Alcoholic•In the DSM IV, the APA refers to either:•Alcohol Abuse:drinking leads to impairment in functioning•Or•Alcohol Dependence: physiological addiction, medical condition as a result, usually suffers from withdrawal withoutDefense Mechanisms•Denial•Displacement•Fantasy•Projection•Rationalization•Minimizing•repressionInterventions•1. 12 step groups: Alcoholics Anonymous•2. 12 step facilitation•3. Family therapy•4. Medical intervention: detoxification, anabuse•5. Aversion therapy•6. Synanon•7. Biopsychosocial Model•8. Brief InterventionThe Co-Dependent•Strong need to be in control•Enable the drinking to continue:•Denial•Joining the alcoholic by drinking•Justifying the use•Keeping feelings inside• keeping the peace•Minimizing•Protecting the image of the user•Numbing feelings•Blaming•Take over responsibilities•Feeling superior•Controlling•Enduring•waitingInterventions•12 step groups: Al-anon•Co-Dependents Anonymous•ACA: Adult Children of Alcoholics•If depression is severe, may need hospitalizationCocaine, Crack, Crystal Meth•Stimulants•Snort, smoke, inject•Crystal Methamphetamine has increased in popularity due to it’s low cost. When smoked, it’s called “ice”•Extreme addictions lead to severe consequences•Often need intense treatment, daily, inpatient•12 step groupsMarijuana•Often consider a “soft” drug•It does affect physical health and psychological health•12 step groups may help•Need to develop a social network of nonusing people to have fun with and interact socially•Denial is very strongLSD and Ectasy•Hallucinagens•Taken orally•May have extreme effects on the body.•May destroy brain cells•“the bad trip” may be a concern•Panic•Regrettable behaviorsHeroin•Highly addicting•Usually injected •May snort•Very difficult to maintain sobriety•Withdrawal is very uncomfortable•Methodone may be useful for permanently quittingDrugs & Their EffectsDrug: How it’sTaken:Effects:Alcohol Drink Depressant, euphoria, blackouts, Slowed reaction time.Marijuana Smoke Euphoria, slowed reaction time, munchies, amotivation syndrome.Cocaine Snort Upper, high, speeded up thoughts, stimulant, increased activity, heart racing, paranoia, agitationCrack SmokeCrystal Meth SnortHeroin Snort, Inject Depressant, euphoria, nodding out, highly addictive.Ecstacy Take Pill Euphoria, opening of the mind, increased focus on feelings.LSD Swallow Hallucinations, increased sensory