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Sense of SelfSlide 2Factors Influencing Sense of SelfSense of Self: General TrendsDevelopment of Sense of SelfSlide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Gender DifferencesChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.1Sense of SelfWho am I? self-concept - beliefs about selfHow good am I as a person?self-esteem - child’s judgment of own worthinessself-efficacy - child’s beliefs about what he/she can accomplishChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.2Sense of SelfHelps children take charge of things that happen to themMotivates behaviorHelps them envision future selvesHelps them make choices to reach goalsChildren focus more on what they do wellChildren behave in ways that mirror self-perceptionsometimes engage in self-handicappingChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.3Factors Influencing Sense of SelfPast behaviors and achievementsOthers’ perceptionsParentsSiblingsPeersOwn perceptions about achievements and comparisons to othersChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.4Sense of Self: General TrendsChildren construct increasingly multifaceted understandings of who they areFeelings of self-worth increasingly depend on peers’ behaviors and opinionsChildren gradually internalize criteria others use for evaluationChildren gradually integrate many self-perceptions into general abstractions of who they areSense of worth becomes more stable over timeChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.5Development of Sense of SelfInfancyview self as distinct, lovable beingability to imitate othersrecognizing self in mirrorEarly childhood autobiographical self (personal history)language reflects self: I, me, mine self = physical characteristics, simple psychological traits, interestsoverconfidence, high self-esteemChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.6Development of Sense of SelfMiddle childhood describes self in physical and psychological termsaware of strengths and weaknessesself-esteem generally highcompares self with peersstructures self-esteem into different competenciesacademicsocialphysicalphysical appearanceChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.7Development of Sense of SelfEarly adolescencecan reflect on how they are perceived by othersimaginary audiencebelief in personal fableself-esteem drops (especially girls)begin to use abstract values to describe themselvessocial comparisons continueChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.8Development of Sense of SelfChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.9Development of Sense of SelfLate adolescence develop a more complex understanding of self, with contradictory descriptionsidentity develops over timeidentity diffusionforeclosuremoratoriumidentity achievementChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.10Development of Sense of SelfChild Development and Education, Fourth EditionTeresa M. McDevitt and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved.11Gender DifferencesBoth nature and nurture contributeBoys overestimate, girls underestimate abilitiesGirls have greater difficulty accepting criticism Girls more critical of physical appearanceBoys say they are good atathleticsproblem-solvingmath and scienceGirls say they are good atmannerssocial relationshipsreading and


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SSU EDEC 420 - Sense of Self

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