Slides for Chapter 20: Distributed Multimedia SystemsFigure 20.1 A distributed multimedia systemFigure 20.2 Characteristics of typical multimedia streamsFigure 20.3 Typical infrastructure components for multimedia applicationsFigure 20.4 QoS specifications for components of the application shown in Figure 20.3Figure 20.5 The QoS manager’s taskFigure 20.6 Traffic shaping algorithmsFigure 20.7 The RFC 1363 Flow SpecFigure 20.8 FilteringFigure 20.9 Tiger video file server hardware configurationFigure 20.10 Tiger scheduleFigure 20.11 BitTorrent TerminologyFigure 20.12 Approaches to real-time video streamingFigure 20.13 An example tree in ESMFrom Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and BlairDistributed Systems: Concepts and DesignEdition 5, © Addison-Wesley 2012Slides for Chapter 20: Distributed Multimedia SystemsInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.1A distributed multimedia systemInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.2Characteristics of typical multimedia streamsData rate(approximate)Sample or frame size frequencyTelephone speech 64 kbps 8 bits 8000/secCD-quality sound 1.4 Mbps 16 bits 44,000/secStandard TV video(uncompressed)120 Mbps up to 640 x 480pixels x 16 bits24/secStandard TV video (MPEG-1 compressed)1.5 Mbps variable 24/secHDTV video(uncompressed)1000–3000 Mbps up to 1920 x 1080pixels x 24 bits24–60/secHDTV videoMPEG-2 compressed)10–30 Mbps variable 24–60/secInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.3Typical infrastructure components for multimedia applicationsInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.4QoS specifications for components of the application shown in Figure 20.3Component Bandwidth Latency Loss rate Resources requiredCameraOut: 10 frames/sec, raw video640x480x16 bitsZeroA Codec In:Out:10 frames/sec, raw videoMPEG-1 streamInteractive Low 10 ms CPU each 100 ms;10 Mbytes RAMB Mixer In:Out:2 44 kbps audio1 44 kbps audioInteractive Very low 1 ms CPU each 100 ms;1 Mbytes RAMH WindowsystemIn:Out:various50 frame/sec framebufferInteractive Low 5 ms CPU each 100 ms; 5 Mbytes RAMK NetworkconnectionIn/Out: MPEG-1 stream, approx.1.5 MbpsInteractive Low 1.5 Mbps, low-lossstream protocolL NetworkconnectionIn/Out: Audio 44 kbps Interactive Very low 44 kbps, very low-lossstream protocolInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.5The QoS manager’s taskInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.6Traffic shaping algorithmsToken generator(a) Leaky bucket (b) Token bucketInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.7The RFC 1363 Flow SpecProtocol versionMaximum transmission unitToken bucket rateToken bucket sizeMaximum transmission rateMinimum delay noticedMaximum delay variationLoss sensitivityBurst loss sensitivityLoss intervalQuality of guaranteeBandwidth:Delay:Loss:Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.8FilteringSourceTargetsHigh bandwidthMedium bandwidthLow bandwidthInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.9Tiger video file server hardware configurationControllerCub 0 Cub 1 Cub 2 Cub 3 Cub nATM switching networkvideo distribution to clientsStart/Stoprequests from clientslow-bandwidth networkhigh-bandwidth0 n+1 1 n+22n+3 n+4 n2n+13Instructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.10Tiger schedule012slot 0viewer 4slot 1freeslot 2freeslot 3viewer 0slot 4viewer 3slot 5viewer 2slot 6freeslot 7viewer 1block play time Tblock servicetime tstate state state state stateInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.11BitTorrent TerminologyInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.12Approaches to real-time video streamingInstructor’s Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design Edn. 5 © Pearson Education 2012 Figure 20.13An example tree in