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TAMU HIST 106 - Turn of the Century
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HIST 106 1nd Edition Lecture 9Outline of Current Lecture I. Russo- Japanese WarII. ProgressivesIII. Spanish-American WarCurrent LectureI. WWIII. Taft: Dollar DiplomacyIII. Theodore RooseveltTurn of the Century- US in a war with Spain over Cuba- 1898: Spanish American Waro Quick Little Waro Most unorganized waro US prevailed because the US Navy sailed into Philippines and found all the Spanish warships and sank themo The Teller Amendment : We don't want anything we are just in there to help the Cubanso The War in the Philippines was very lengthy 1911: Colt 45 was built because of this war- 1900 average life expectancy was 47 years- 14 % of home had a bathtub- % 8 had a telephone- Max speed limits in most cities were 10 mph- Average wage in US was 22 cents/hour- Average US worker made better $200-$400- More than 95% of all births in US took place home- 95% of professional positions had no college education- Canada passed a law in 1900 prohibiting poor people from entering- 5 main causes of deatho pneumoniaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o tuberculosiso heart diseaseo diarrheao heart stroke- 1 in 10 US adults couldn't read or write- 6% of all US graduated from high school- drugs available in drug store- 18% households had servants- 230 murders recorded in the entire US (1900)US is Expanding- 1900's: US is reaching out for the Hawaiian islands b/c its the coaling station (last place US ships can get coal on the way to far East)- 1875 US drops the tariff on Hawaiian sugar which helps Hawaiian economy o tariff: a tax on imports or exports- 1885 The tariff drops off and Hawaiians want it back so US demands certain things from Hawaiianso This tactic is called "Dollar Diplomacy"- Lilio Kalany: empire of Hawaii- 1897 The tariff runs out again and Hawaii wants help again - 1898 we allow them to become a territory of the US- October 1901: President William MacClenny is shot to death during a reception- Zero Theory: 1840-1960 every president elected in year ending 0 every 20 years will be shot- Theodore Roosevelt becomes next Presidento He declared himself a Progressive (believes in the middle class, not the upper class)o 1902: Northern Securities Trust Corporation Theodore says they control too much and takes them to court He wins court case and is known as the "Trust Buster"o 1902: Mine workers went on strikes  Theodore calls the mine owners into his office and convinces them to givean 8% raise to the Uniono He starts to regulate the railroads on behalf of the farmers- 1904 he runs for election and during the election he made a promise that if he wins he will never run for president againo comes back to haunt it  he wins the b/c he's fighting for middle class he’s a progressive big business support him because they think if he wins this time they may never see him again if he didn't win, they were frightened that the workers might start to strike or go socialist- He passed the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)o started it after reading "The Jungle"- He started building the Panama Canal (1907)o his greatest accomplishmento it changes everything - He sent out the "Great White Fleet" to get favorable treatieso with orders to be ready for a feast, a frolic or a fighto Problems: we are involving ourselves with far East - The teddy bear came from Theodore Roosevelt- "Good to the Last Drop" saying came from him- Created Civil Service- Created National Park System - 1908 there was no national crisis so he had to step from presidencyo He went to Africa on safariso wrote a number a bookso read a book every day of his life- William Howard Taft become the new President (1908-1912)o introduced the first bathtub in the White House- Theodore comes back and decides to run again b/c of rumors Taft is not the progressive he thought- Parties decide to vote for Taft- "Bull Moose Party" - a party created for Tafto this splits the Republicans- Theodore is shot in Milwaukee while giving a speech but surviveso he finished his speech with the shot- Woodrow Wilson becomes President in 1912(Democrat)o Segregation introduced in the governmento He practices "Dollar Diplomacy"o He has to deal with Revolution in Mexicoo He says he will not recognize the Huerta government Defauto Government De jure Governmento 1912-1913 We are moving toward war with Mexicoo (Argentina, Brazil, Chile) Wilson brings reps from these three countries and they are supposed to decide who is correct (Huerta, or Wilson?) Conclusion: (June 28, 1914) Wilson is wrong, Huerta is correct Same day, WWI starts up- WWI- Everybody wants to fight- Every year there was a 'Balkan' war in Austria- Every year the Austrians moved down 5 miles- June 18, 1914 Franzes Joseph choices a empire (Franz Ferd) and sends him down to Seriajo on a good will missiono Franz Ferd and wife were killed by high school kid (Gavaillo Princip)o Princip started WWI- 1. Ultimatum #1 (better do this or else) from Austria to Serbia - 2. Austria gives army to Germany - 3. Ultimatum #2. Serbia turns to Russians and Russians decide to mobilize some troops to send to Balkans- Germans prepare to attack France instead of Russia- Germans are slowed down on the way - French meet Germans at the Marne River - "The Western Front" o War last 4


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