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1Casual InfoVisCS 4460/7450 - Information VisualizationApril 14, 2009John StaskoGuest Speaker: Zach PousmanCasual InfoVis• Let’s start off with ideas and concepts from paper…• A complement to the majority of ‘central’ infovis; which is a focus on analytic tasks and analysts as the idealized user.•Infovis for the everyday person• Spend some time looking at the ‘edges’ of the infovis domainSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 22Definition of casual infovis•Casual Infovis is the use of computer mediated tools to depict personally meaningful information in visual ways that support everyday users in both everyday work and non-work situations. Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 3Changes to traditional notions• The user population− Expand to include many more kinds of people and many more situations and scenarios.− People who are not explicit or implicit analysts − Non-professionals in general− Low(er) motivationSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 43Changes to traditional notions• Usage pattern− New patterns of use that depart from the more traditional deep-dive explorations and sensemaking− In a word, more casual− Fleeting awareness and monitoring tasks− Could also include more substantial reflections− Mobile and ubiquitous, not just desktopSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 5Changes to traditional notions• Data types also change− Often personally relevant (about ‘me’)− Tight coupling between user and the data− Tight coupling gets at what is meaningfulabout the data stream… not always what is important. Sometimes the most minute and boring detail is still very meaningfulSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 64Changes to traditional notions• Insight− Gets a one of the fundamental questions of infovis− We all agree (?) that the purpose of infovis is insight… but the examples on the edges show different kinds of insights.− Maybe insights are not perfectly quantifiable in a way that’s rigorous (for an attempt see Saraiuya and North 2005)Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 7Areas• Artistic InfoVis• Ambient InfoVis• Social InfoVisSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 85Artistic InfoVisSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 9Artistic InfoVis• Artistic expression using visualizations of data• They are not just generative art – they still read data, represent it, and some are interactive• Systems often depart from the central notion of infovis that first and foremost, a visualization should be easy to read.• Also can ‘problemitize’ the data…Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 106Many examplesSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 11Jason SalavonSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 127Jason SalavonSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 13Jason SalavonSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 14The Top Grossing Film of All Time, 1 x 1 20008Viegas, et al.Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 15Artifacts of the Presence EraWignellSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 16Sorting (real time)9Romero, Pousman, MateasSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 17Tableau MachineRomero, Pousman, MateasSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 1810Romero, Pousman, MateasSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 19Romero, Pousman, MateasSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 2011TM Evaluation (it’s hard)• 6-8 week deployments • 3 houses• Very different uses• Games• Printouts• Discussion• Reflection?Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 21FeltronSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 22Annual Report (2008)12Flags as infographics• Foote Cone & BeldingSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 23Foote Cone & BeldingFlags as infographics• Foote Cone & BeldingSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 24Foote Cone & Belding13Flags as infographics• Foote Cone & BeldingSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 25Foote Cone & BeldingAmbient InfoVisSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 2614Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 27Objectives• Systems so far− What is their purpose or objective?High-level purpose or task− Analysis, Exploration, Learning• Are there other high-level tasks that infovis can assist with?− Awareness, monitoringSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 28Central idea• People interpret images well • As they say, a picture’s worth thousand words … so use visualization for information awareness15Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 29Calm Technology• Mark Weiser− “A calm technology will move easily from the periphery of our attention, to the center, and back.”Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 30Ambient Displays• Conveys low- to medium-priority information to people, while residing in the periphery of their attention• Other terms sometimes used− Peripheral display, notification system16Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 31Ambient Displays• Purpose: − Information awareness, perhaps monitoring• Focus:− AestheticsVisually pleasing enhancement to surroundingsOther dimensions in the spaceSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 32Information capacityHow much info can they transmit?Notification levelAre they subtle or more attention-grabbing?Representational FidelityFlexibility with regard to data mappings AestheticsVisually pleasing enhancement to surroundings17Other dimensions in the spaceSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 33Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 34Ambient InfoVis• InfoVis off the desktop• Still visually encoding information, but not for analytic purposes− Presenting the information in places where you’re not doing “desktop computing”18Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 35Examples• Let’s look at some examples of ambient displays or ambient information visualizationsSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 36Dangling String• Plastic spaghetti wire hanging from ceiling• Hangs from motor in ceiling• Electrically connected to ethernet cable sobits going by cause it tojiggle• Created by artistNatalie Jeremijenko19Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 37Ambient Room• Use variety of physical objects in office to communicate the state of relevant information• Hiroshi Ishii’s group at MITVideoWisneski et alCoBuild ‘98Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 38Karlsruhe ProjectsWeb awarenessGellersen & SchmidtPersonal Technologies‘9920Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 39Lumitouch• Touch one picture frame, the other lights upChang et alCHI ’01 Extended AbstractsSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450 40Information Percolator• Fish tank with bubble controller• Various messages can be sent in bubblesHeiner et alUIST ‘9921Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 41Busmobile, WeathermobileMankoff et alCHI ‘03Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 42Ambient Orbwww.ambientdevices.comMonitor stock marketdata, weather, etc.22Spring 2009 CS 4460/7450 43Information Visualizations?• Well, they are visually presenting information• But perhaps not an emphasis on the information− More about peripherality, calmness, aestheticsSpring 2009 CS 4460/7450


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