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WOU ES 104 - Crustal Deformation

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1Crustal DeformationReading: Chapter 10Pages 283-294FINAL EXAM• 8 to 10 AM, THURSDAY DEC. 6• HERE: Natural Science 101• BRING A SCAN TRON• TURN IN YOUR REVIEW QUESTIONS BEFORE THE TEST, PICK UP WHEN YOU ARE DONE WITH THE TEST• IF YOU WANT YOUR RESULTS, E-MAIL ME AND REQUEST YOUR GRADEPlate Tectonic Settings and Magma• The type of magma generated in different plate tectonic settings is different• DIVERGENT PLATES and MANTLE PLUMES produce magma by partial melting of mantle material due to pressure release• This magma is BASALTIC (mafic) in chemical composition, and the resulting volcanism has distinct characteristics.• Where plates CONVERGE, water is driven off the subducting plate, and added to the overlying lithosphere• This water acts as a FLUX to reduce the melting temperature, and cause hot solid rock to melt without a change in temperature• The lithosphere here is continental (granitic) in character, and the magma generated is GRANITIC (felsic) in chemical composition.Plate Tectonic Settings and MagmaDuctile and brittle deformationhttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlIsoclinal foldshttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.html2foldshttp://www-class.unl.edu/geol101i/09_structural.htmMountain of foldsNames of fold types synclinehttp://www.whbschools.org/Teachers/Cohen/sciweb/earthscience/geologichistory/folding.htmTight v foldshttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/folds.htmlRecumbent anticlinehttp://home.barton.ac.uk/curriculum/sc_env/geology/Structural%20Geology/RecumAnt.htm3Monocline San Rafael Swell monoclinehttp://www.eas.purdue.edu/physproc/HTM%20Files/monoclines.htmPlunging fold geometry Plunging fold outcrop patternPlunging anticlinehttp://www.geosciences.ou.edu/~msoreg/structure/structureintro.htmlSheep mtn: doubly plunging aniclinehttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/~rschott/g112/lecture3.html4Geologic map of the UShttp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-443/Legend for Tapestry of Time and Terrain Maphttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/ages/ages.htmlValley and Ridge Provincehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/06valleyridge.htmlBlack hills domehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/16blackhills.htmlDrawing of Black Hillshttp://www.dakotamatrix.com/South_Dakota_Geology.aspMichigan Basinhttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/09michigan.html5Small normal fault grabenhttp://www.aucegypt.edu/faculty/hamroush/CE331/CE331-%20Rock%20Deformation%20and%20Unconformities.htmNormal fault formationNormal fault Small normal faulthttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlNormal faultshttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlBasin and Range Provincehttp://tapestry.usgs.gov/features/22basinrange.html6Basin and range faulting Detachment faultinghttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlComplex normal faultinghttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/geol320/normalfaults.htmlEast Humboldt Range Horsthttp://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Slides/EQKSLIDE.HTMOwens Valley grabenhttp://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/EarthSC202Slides/EQKSLIDE.HTMscarphttp://www.geosci.unc.edu/faculty/glazner/Images/Structure/Faults.html7Reverse fault formation Reverse faulthttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/o_r/reverse_fault.htmlThrust fault formation small thrust faulthttp://earth.leeds.ac.uk/assyntgeology/geology/deformation/gallery/thrust1.htmRegional thrust faulthttp://complabs.nevada.edu/~jkula/Geowna.htmlStrike-slip fault formation8Tectonics of Western North AmericaSan Andreas Fault SystemStrike slip fault Offset streamSan Andreas Fault stream offsethttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlSan Francisco offsethttp://quake.wr.usgs.gov/info/1906/images/fenceoffset_big.html9San Andreas Fault orchard offsethttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/courses/g112/lecture3.htmlJoint set in flat-lying sandstonehttp://www.geology.wisc.edu/~maher/air/air05.htmSingle joint sethttp://maps.unomaha.edu/Maher/geo117/part3/structures/structureatlas.htmlJoints at Moabhttp://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~nsitar/ce281/Sierra%20Nevada%202000/Attitude%20Measurement%20Lake%20Spaulding.jpgBryce Canyon, Utahhttp://www.cs.biu.ac.il/~plot/USA/10Exfoliation jointinghttp://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~casey/eart150/Lectures/Joints/JointsPics.htmlExfoliation domehttp://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~millerm/exjoints.htmlExfoliation joint formationhttp://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~casey/eart150/Lectures/Joints/joints.htmColumnar jointshttp://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~casey/eart150/Lectures/Joints/joints.htmColumnar topshttp://www.wooster.edu/geology/bjordan/Iceland2003PK.htmlTectonic environment of Magma• Draw a diagram showing the relationship of tectonic plate interaction and the location of magma formation. Indicate the chemistry of the magma likely to


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WOU ES 104 - Crustal Deformation

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