THE ANKLE AND FOOTBONESTibiaTibiaFibulaBONES OF THE FOOTSlide 7Slide 8Hallux or Great ToeSlide 10JOINTSSlide 12MOVEMENTSMOVEMENTSSlide 15STRUCTURE OF THE FOOTARCHESSlide 18Slide 19REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOTSlide 22Slide 23Slide 24What term refers to the great toe?Name the actionsName the two movements at the toesSlide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Name the landmarkSlide 38THE ANKLE AND FOOTBONES•A. Tibia–1. condyle (lateral and medial)–2. tibial tuberosity–3. medial malleolus •B. Fibula–1. head–2. lateral malleolusTibia •Medial MalleolusTibiaFibula•Lateral malleolusBONES OF THE FOOT•Tarsal bones–1. Calcaneous–2. Talus–3. Navicular–4. Cuboid (lateral, articulates with 4 and 5 metatarsals)–5-7. Cuneiforms (medial, intermedial and lateral; articulate w/ 1-3 metatarsals)•8. Metatarsals (1-5 from the medial to lateral side)•9-11. Phalanges (distal, middle, proximal)•Tarsal bones•1. Calcaneous•2. Talus•3. Navicular•4. Cuboid (lateral, articulates with 4 and 5 metatarsals)•5-7. Cuneiforms (medial, intermedial and lateral; articulate w/ 1-3 metatarsals)•8. Metatarsals (1-5 from the medial to lateral side)•9. PhalangesTarsal bonesMetatarsals PhalangesHallux or Great ToeWhat’s wrong with this picture?JOINTS•33 joints and 26 bones.•Two major joints•The Ankle Joint•A hinge joint which is formed by the articulation of the TALUS with the MALLEOLI of the tibia and fibula. •Planter flexion and dorsal flexion primarily occur here.TMMLMJOINTS•The second major joint is the Subtalar Joint•Articulation between the TALUS and CALCANEUS. •Inversion and eversion primarily occur here.MOVEMENTS Dorsal flexion[15-20°]Plantar flexion[50°]MOVEMENTS•Inversion - raising medial border (20-30°)–Supination is similar to Inversion + plantar flexion + adduction (toe in)•Eversion - raising lateral border (5-15°)–Pronation is similar to Eversion + dorsal flexion + abduction (toe out)Inversion EversionMOVEMENTS•Toe flexion •Toe extensionSTRUCTURE OF THE FOOT•The foot as a whole is usually described as an elastic arched structure, the keystone of the arch being the Talus. •The talus has no muscles attached to it and it receives and transmit the entire weight of the body.ARCHES•Longitudinal arches –Lateral longitudinal arch - calcaneous, cuboid, and 4 and 5 metatarsals.–Medial longitudinal arch - calcaneous, talus, navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 med. metatarsalsLateral longitudinal archMedial longitudinal archLateral ArchMedial Arch33•Longitudinal arches•Lateral - calcaneous, cuboid, and 4th and 5th metatarsals.•Medial - calcaneous, talus, navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 medial metatarsalsTransverse arch - anterior tarsal bones and the metatarsals.5th metatarsal – 1st metatarsalREVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOTCastle OrthopedicWeb Page•1 is the…?•Calcaneous•2 is the…?•Talus•3 is the…?•Navicular•4 is the…? •Cuboid•5 is the…? •First Cuneiform•6 is the…? •Second Cuneiform•7 is the…? •Third Cuneiform•8 is the…? •First metatarsal•9 is the…?•Proximal phalange•10 is the…?•Middle phalange•11 is the…?•Distal phalange•Name the landmarkLateral Malleolus1.2.3.4. 1?Talus2? Navicular3?1st Cuneform4?CalcaneousMedial viewWhat term refers to the great toe?HalluxName the actionsInversion Eversion??Name the two movements at the toes•Toe flexion •Toe extension1. Name the action2. Name the actionDorsi FlexionPlantar Flexion45736211. Phalanges2. Metatarsals3. Cuneiforms4. Navicular5. Talus6. Cuboid7. Calcaneus•Name the landmarkName the actions of the ankle to the left and the ankle to the right.Eversion InversionName the action•Plantar flexionName the action•Inversion•Name them all1. Calcaneous2. Talus3. Navicular4. Cuboid 5. First Cuneiform6.Second Cuneiform7.Third Cuneiform8. Third Metatarsal (and Fifth Metatarsal)Name the action at the ankle joint.•Plantar flexion•Name the action at the metatarsal phalange joint•Extension or Hyperextension1. Talus2. Navicular3. Cuboid4. Intermediate (2nd) cuneiform5. 3rd metatarsal6. 4th distal phalange7. 2nd middle phalange8. 1st distal phalangeName the landmarkMedial malleolus•Middle phalange of the 3rd toe•Proximal phalange of the 1st toe•Distal phalange of the 5th toe•2nd Metacarpal•1st Cuniform•2nd Cuniform•3rd
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