Problems With AssignmentsPlagiarismFrom the first assignmentAcademic HonestyKinds of plagiarismComplete plagiarismNear-complete plagiarismPatchwork plagiarismLazy plagiarismSelf plagiarismProblems in this classWhat you should do, part IWhat you should do, part IIWhat you should do, part IIIWhat you should do, part IVWhat you should do, part VCopyright law“Fair use”SummaryThe EndProblems With AssignmentsPlagiarism•Here is a direct quote from University of Pennsylvania Code of Academic Integrity, http://www.upenn.edu/osl/acadint.html–Plagiarism: using the ideas, data, or language of another without specific or proper acknowledgment.–Example: copying another person’s paper, article, or computer work and submitting it for an assignment, cloning someone else’s ideas without attribution, failing to use quotation marks where appropriate, etc.•It’s a good idea to read this documentFrom the first assignment•“If you use photographs or extensive quotes, be sure that they are either in the public domain or that you have permission to use them. Supply references to everything that you borrow from somewhere else. This is a legal requirement.”Academic Honesty•Many of you have committed failing offences•Possible penalties for plagiarism:–No credit given for the assignment–Failure in the course–Suspension from the University•From my very first set of slides:•I won’t be doing that this time• Penalty for first offense:–You will be reported to the Office of Student Conduct–You will receive an F in the courseKinds of plagiarism•The following definitions are excerpted from PLAGIARISM: What it is, and How to Avoid Ithttp://www.library.upenn.edu/scitech/engineering/ee/plagiarize.html–Complete plagiarism–Near-complete plagiarism–Patchwork plagiarism–Lazy plagiarism–Self plagiarismComplete plagiarism•Complete plagiarism: Submitting something that has been written by someone else as your own work•It is not enough to paraphrase it or reference it•This is a technical course, and I want to teach the technology of Web building, but...–That does not give you the right to steal your material–I have emphasized that pages should have content; this must be your contentNear-complete plagiarism•Near-complete plagiarism: Taking large portions of a text, and just interspersing your own comments, or adding conclusions–Most of the work has still been done by somebody else•Putting content on the web is not very different than writing an essay–The presumption is that it is your content–If it is someone else’s content with just your additions, this is plagriasmPatchwork plagiarism•Patchwork plagiarism: Taking ideas, phrases, or entire sentences from one or more sources and rearranging them–This is difficult to assess at the “idea” level–Common phrases are not a problem, but clearly original turns of phrase should not be copied verbatim•Almost none of us are smart enough to have any really original ideas•All of us can have our own opinions, likes and dislikes, points of view, etc.•Analogy: All stories have one of a very few basic plots, but–Every one of us in here can write an original storyLazy plagiarism•Lazy plagiarism: Failing to distinguish adequately between your own work and that of others–Failing to put quote marks around direct quotations–Missing or inadequate footnotes or references–Using another’s language–Failing to give sources (including sources for photos)•Problem: It is difficult to distinguish this from deliberate wrongdoing•“Never ascribe to malice that which is adequately explained by incompetence.” -- Napoleon Bonaparte•However, neither malice nor incompetence deserves a good gradeSelf plagiarism•Self plagiarism: Using the same work to satisfy the requirements for more than one course–Also known as “double dipping”–This is permissible with the consent of both instructors•Self plagiarism is not a concern in this course–While I do care about content, my primary concern is how you manipulate that content–This does not excuse other types of plagiarism–You do not have automatic permission to use material developed in this course for some other courseProblems in this class•Complete plagiarism: 4 cases–In two cases, references were given, not including a reference to the page that was plagiarized•Near-complete plagiarism: 1 case•Patchwork plagiarism: 3 cases•Lazy plagiarism: 5 cases•Self plagiarism: Not considered•No observed problems: 8 people–These counts are approximateWhat you should do, part I•First: Don’t contact me, either to apologize or to ask if you’re one of the people I caught–You should know if you’re guilty•If you are unsure, then you almost certainly in my list for “patchwork” or “lazy” plagiarism–I’ve spent enough of my time on this already•Secondly, fix the problem and send me a new page or pages by Wednesday evening–If I don’t have new work from you by Thursday, I will contact you with specific (and probably more strict) requirementsWhat you should do, part II•Complete or near-complete plagiarism:–This is a violation of copyright law–You should either:•Completely revise and rewrite your pages, avoiding even paraphrases of the original, or•Choose a new topic entirely, or•Drop the course–I realize that some of you simply had no idea of the law or of the plagiarism rules of the University•You should now have a much clearer idea•A second violation will result in an F for the course–Be extra careful!What you should do, part III•Patchwork plagiarism:–You are the people most likely to be surprised by the plagiarism rules and definitions–Nevertheless, you too should completely revise your site and/or change your topic–Paraphrasing is not enough; there should be some value added to your site, by incorporating your own opinions and experiences•Arranging the material in a novel way is also helpful•Don’t forget to give full credit to your sourcesWhat you should do, part IV•Lazy plagiarism (text):–Whole sentences or catchy phrases should be quoted and attributed, either in immediately adjacent text or by a footnote•According to this article in slashdot, “more than 115 million of voters in Brazil...”•... there are “more than 115 million of voters in Brazil”2 who are deciding this week...•The attribution for text should always be visible on the page (at least as a link)What
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