MIT MAS 965 - Design Studies for a FMS for Micro-credit Groups in Rural India

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Review: Design Studies for a FMS for Micro-credit Groups in Rural IndiaGeneral OverviewMicro-Finance in IndiaMicro-Finance IssuesNumeric Interfaces – Field Visit 1Field Visit 1Field Visit 2 – Madurai, TamilNaduField Visit 2Field Visit 3 - MaduraiFinal DesignConclusionsQuestionsMIT OpenCourseWarehttp://ocw.mit.edu ��MAS.965 / 6.976 / SP.716 NextLab I: Designing Mobile Technologies for the Next Billion UsersFall 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms.Review: Design Studies for a FMS for Micro-credit Groups in Rural IndiaAnonymous MIT StudentGeneral Overview• Authors – Tapan Parikh(UW), KaushikGhosh(MIT), Apala Chavan(Humanfactors)• Design a User Interface– Needs Analysis– Iterative Process– Prototyping• Target – Community based micro-credit groups• Focus – Rural India (Aurangabad, Madurai)Micro-Finance in IndiaMFI• Self help group (SHG)–10-20 women– Basic transactions• Payments• Loans• Deposits– Monthly meetings– Community liability (high repayment rates)• Micro-finance institution (MFI) are NGOs – Create,Support– Training– Linkages within & with banking sectorClusterClusterFederationSHGs(20-30)Clusters(20-30)Micro-Finance Issues• High Illiteracy (43% - 286 million Adults)• Documentation at various levels– Tracking finances, credit– Better management of funds– Law requirements– High volume (small transactions)• Remote Areas• Technology limitationsNumeric Interfaces – Field Visit 1• Genesis at Self-employed Women Association (SEWA) bank in Ahmedabad– “Oh, we can understand numbers fine, We can even do most simple calculations ourselves. It is only text and words we have a lot of difficulty with.”• Field Visit 1 : Aurangabad– Contextual Studies• Notebooks & Ledgers• Help for educated kids attending school• Sequential entries ( tabular, ordered by name)– Paper prototypesField Visit 1• Paper Prototype– Understood well– Good FeedbackImage removed due to copyright restrictions.Figure 2 – “An early keypad-based paper prototype.”In Parikh, Tapan, Kaushik Ghosh, and Apala Chavan. “Design studies for a financial management system for micro-credit groups in rural India,” In Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Universal Usability. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: ACM, 2003. doi:10.1145/957205.957209.Field Visit 2 – Madurai, TamilNadu• More Mature SHGs managed by CCD(Covenant Centre for development)– Started 150 SHGs, 4 Federations• Context– Studied all levels, spending more time– Verification of learnings from Aurangabad– Relatively higher literacy– Schools kids and literate man involved• Prototype– Interactive prototype ( laptop ) testing– People familiar with computers– Quick learners, ability to use touch deviceField Visit 2• Prototype feedback– Does not match notebook format– More colors– Thrown off by Abrupt menusImage removed due to copyright restrictions.Figure 5 – “An interactive prototype...”In Parikh, Tapan, Kaushik Ghosh, and Apala Chavan. “Design studies for a financial management system for micro-credit groups in rural India,” In Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Universal Usability. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: ACM, 2003. doi:10.1145/957205.957209.Field Visit 3 - Madurai• Extended 2 month study– Focused groups(32 women, A to D – order of literacy)• Icons correlated to ideas are better!– Led to new interactive prototypes– Frequent sessions, rapid development– Direct feedback from users• Final Design emerged– Well understood by 3 groups, D got quite familiarFinal Design• Tabular Data Organization• Numeric Data Formats• Icons• Iconic Legends (audio feedback)• Discrete Task Spaces• ColorImage removed due to copyright restrictions.Figure 6 – “One of the final successful designs...”In Parikh, Tapan, Kaushik Ghosh, and Apala Chavan. “Design studies for a financial management system for micro-credit groups in rural India,” In Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Universal Usability. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: ACM, 2003. doi:10.1145/957205.957209.Conclusions• Context is very important!• Numeric to Iconic Correlation• Importance of physical models and tangible artifacts (touch & feel)• Learnt the entire system – MIS being developed• Hybrid technologies ( paper using RFID etc)Questions• Why not just Ahmedabad (first study)? • Quest for focused lead Users?• Does this help? – Study was not for mobile phones• Experiences with UI design so


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MIT MAS 965 - Design Studies for a FMS for Micro-credit Groups in Rural India

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