TRAD101TRAD101Languages & CulturesLanguages & Culturesof East Asiaof East AsiaInterrelationship of Interrelationship of Confucianism, Taoism & BuddhismConfucianism, Taoism & BuddhismTaoism and ConfucianismTaoism and Confucianism••Confucianism & Taoism have their common Confucianism & Taoism have their common roots in I Ching (or Yi Jing, roots in I Ching (or Yi Jing, Book of ChangesBook of Changes))易經易經••the oldest of the Chinese classic texts the oldest of the Chinese classic textsI Ching I Ching 易經易經易經易經易經易經易經易經••易易((yyìì))––Adj. "easy" or "simpleAdj. "easy" or "simple““––V. "to change" or 'to exchange/ substitute one thing for anothV. "to change" or 'to exchange/ substitute one thing for another'.er'.••經經((jjīīngng))––original meaning: "regularity" or "persistencyoriginal meaning: "regularity" or "persistency““––"classic (text)"classic (text)““here, implying that the text describes the Ultimate here, implying that the text describes the Ultimate Way which will not change throughout the flow of time. Way which will not change throughout the flow of time. ––This same character was later appropriated to translate This same character was later appropriated to translate the Sanskrit word 'sthe Sanskrit word 'sūūtra' into Chinese in reference to tra' into Chinese in reference to Buddhist scripture. Buddhist scripture. ––In this sense the two concepts, in as much as they mean In this sense the two concepts, in as much as they mean 'treatise,' 'great teaching,' or 'canonical scripture,' are 'treatise,' 'great teaching,' or 'canonical scripture,' are equivalent. equivalent.I ChingI Ching易經易經易經易經易經易經易經易經••Three implications:Three implications:––SimplicitySimplicity--the root of the substance. the root of the substance. ••The fundamental law underlying everything in the universe is The fundamental law underlying everything in the universe is utterly plain and simple, no matter how abstruse or complex utterly plain and simple, no matter how abstruse or complex some things may appear to be. some things may appear to be. ––VariabilityVariability--the use of the substance. the use of the substance. ••Everything in the universe is continually changing. By Everything in the universe is continually changing. By comprehending this one may realize the importance of comprehending this one may realize the importance of flexibility in life and may thus cultivate the proper attitude flexibility in life and may thus cultivate the proper attitude for dealing with a multiplicity of diverse situations. for dealing with a multiplicity of diverse situations. ––PersistencyPersistency--the essence of the substance. the essence of the substance. ••While everything in the universe seems to be changing, While everything in the universe seems to be changing, among the changing tides there is a persistent principle, a among the changing tides there is a persistent principle, a central rule, which does not vary with space and time. central rule, which does not vary with space and time.Ba GuaBa Gua• set of 64 abstract line arrangements called hexagrams (卦guà)• Each hexagram is a figure composed of six stacked horizontal lines (爻 yáo).• Each line is either Yang (an unbroken, or solid line), or Yin (broken, an open line with a gap in the center). • With six such lines stacked from bottom to top there are 26 or 64 possible combinations, and thus 64 hexagrams represented.Ba GuaBa Gua• Terence McKenna Time and the I Ching 1http://youtube.com/watch?v=IyzdbHvwKDUFeng Shui Feng Shui • The ancient Chinese philosophy, science and art that studies the way that life energy (Chi/Qi) flows throughout the environment and the spaces that we inhabit. • Experience has shown that by creating balanced and harmonious places in which to live and work in, the quality of our lives can be greatly enhanced.Art of PlacementArt of PlacementHSBC in HongkongHSBC in HongkongHSBC in HongkongHSBC in HongkongHonghong Convention and Honghong Convention and Exhibition Centre Exhibition CentreHongcunHongcunI Ching & ShintoI Ching & Shinto••The Chinese 'I Ching' played a significant role in The Chinese 'I Ching' played a significant role in the shifting relations between Shinto and the shifting relations between Shinto and Confucianism during the Tokugawa period Confucianism during the Tokugawa period (1603(1603--1868) in Japan. 1868) in Japan. ••During the early Tokugawa period, the 'I Ching' During the early Tokugawa period, the 'I Ching' was used to support the unity of Shinto and was used to support the unity of Shinto and Confucianism. Confucianism.I Ching & Korean FlagI Ching & Korean FlagKorea, 1893 Royal Korean Consulate in Hamburg 1893I Ching & Korean FlagI Ching & Korean FlagPre-1905Post 1984Taoism and ConfucianismTaoism and Confucianism••Some scholars claim that: Some scholars claim that: ––Confucianism focusing on Confucianism focusing on ““OrderOrder””, inspired by I Ching;, inspired by I Ching;––Taoism on Taoism on ““ChangeChange””, also inspired by I Ching., also inspired by I Ching.••Taoism & Confucianism, as old traditions, shaped Taoism & Confucianism, as old traditions, shaped Asian culture for more than 2,000 years.Asian culture for more than 2,000 years.Taoism and ConfucianismTaoism and Confucianism••Taoism: Taoism: ––spontaneity & natural kinds follow ways appropriate to spontaneity & natural kinds follow ways appropriate to themselves. themselves. ––Taoism emphasizes natural societies with no artificial Taoism emphasizes natural societies with no artificial institutions. institutions. ––Often skeptical and sarcastic on human values such as Often skeptical and sarcastic on human values such as morality, benevolence and proper behavior, many morality, benevolence and proper behavior, many Taoists do not share the Confucian belief in civilization Taoists do not share the Confucian belief in civilization as a way to build a better world. as a way to build a better world. ––They share the will to live alone in the mountains or as They share the will to live alone in the mountains or as simple peasants in small autarchic villages.simple peasants in small autarchic villages.Taoism and ConfucianismTaoism and Confucianism••Just like Yin and Yang circling together, Taoism Just like Yin