1BiologicalPumpCirculationGeological ReservoirPlantintakeGas exchangebetween air andoceanNet accumulation in oceanRespirationLand usechangesCombustionAfter Post et al., 19985.3100-1200.6-2.690-1201.6-2.4100-115100-115GtCCO2 in the Atmosphere over 150,000 years2Temperatures Relative to Millennial Average*Mann et al., 1999* 1998 and 2001 are the warmest years in 100 years3Satellite ImagesModel ResultsAtmospheric iron flux4AutotrophsHeterotrophsAHSocietyThe Earth without humansBefore the industrial revolutionAHWhere we are now(not sustainable)AHWhere we could be in the future(not sustainable)AHSWhere we should be in the future(sustainable)?BiosphereLithosphere(Earth’s crust)5System Conditions for Sustainability Substances from the Earth’s crust must not systematicallyincrease in nature Substances produced by society must not systematicallyincrease in nature The physical basis for the productivity and diversity of naturemust not be systematically deteriorated We must be efficient enough to meet basic human needs “The Natural Step”
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