ILCT-Derived Flows are Consistent with Induction Eqn’s Normal Component!What about other components?Slide 3Can we extend ILCT to LOS data sets?Extending ILCT to LOS data sets, cont’d:Induction Equation’s ComponentsDemoulin & Berger (Sol. Phys. 2003): Effect of vertical motion on apparent horizontal motion U:ILCT-Derived Flows are Consistent with ILCT-Derived Flows are Consistent with Induction Eqn’s Normal Component! Induction Eqn’s Normal Component!  zyxzyxzBtB)( v)( vvBB Directly measuredDirectly measuredDerived by ILCTDerived by ILCTDirectly measuredDirectly measuredCalculated by Calculated by Boundary CodeBoundary Code What about other components?What about other components?Derived Derived by ILCTby ILCTFrom NLFFFFrom NLFFFExtrapolation/Extrapolation/Prev. Time StepPrev. Time Step at photosphere, z = 0 above photosphere, z > 0)vv()vv()vv()vv(yzyzyxyxyxzxzxyxyxBBzBBxtBBBzBBytB)vv()vv()vv()vv(yzyzyxyxyxzxzxyxyxBBzBBxtBBBzBBytBDirectly measuredDirectly measuredCalculated by Calculated by Boundary CodeBoundary Code What about other components?What about other components?Derived Derived by ILCTby ILCTFrom NLFFFFrom NLFFFExtrapolation/Extrapolation/Prev. Time StepPrev. Time StepCan we extend ILCT to LOS data sets? Can we extend ILCT to LOS data sets? 0)(  zzBtBu BvuzzBv, where• Near disk center, we can approximate BLOS  Bz.• Use LCT to get uLCT, with LOSt to calculate uILCT that satisfies ind. eqn’s normal comp. • To decompose ILCT flow, uILCT , into (vx, vy, vz), we need B at photosphere – but lack measured B!• But we can use B from code – an educated guess for initial condition, then from current time step.Extending ILCT to LOS data sets, cont’d: Extending ILCT to LOS data sets, cont’d: • Long-duration data sets of MDI full-disk magneto- grams exist for most events in SOHO era! • Initial B(x,y,z) can be given by combination of global PFSS model, and local FFF consistent with X-ray/EUV observations.• In principle, can run data-driven simulations of almost all events in SOHO era!Induction Equation’s ComponentsInduction Equation’s Components   xzxyzxyxzyxzyxzyxzyxzBtBBtBBtB)( v)()( v)()( v)(vvBBvvBBvvBBDemoulin & Berger (Sol. Phys. 2003): Effect of Demoulin & Berger (Sol. Phys. 2003): Effect of vertical motion on apparent horizontal motion vertical motion on apparent horizontal motion UU::Apparent horizontal motion can be either true horizontal motion, or vertical motion of a tilted field