WCJC Biology 2402 Rev 082110 PAGE 9 Biology 2402 The Cardiovascular System - Blood Purpose: This lab will identify the formed elements of blood, demonstrate the procedure of blood typing, and interpret the results of blood typing. I. Blood Cells A. Identify red blood cells (erythrocytes) and platelets (slides and models) B. Identify the different types of white blood cells (leukocytes) and classify as a granulocyte or agranulocyte (slides and models) C. Recognize relationship between plasma, blood cells, and total blood volume D. Discuss lab procedure for determining hematocrit and hemoglobin. E. Define anemia and polycythemia in terms of hematocrit II. Blood Typing A. Discuss classification of blood type. Õ determined by presence or absence of specific antigens (agglutinogens) on the surface of red blood cells Õ 3 antigens are particularly important (antigen A, antigen B, antigen D) Õ the presence or absence of antigen A or B determines whether a blood type is A, B, AB, or O Õ the presence of antigen D indicates a blood type that is Rh positive (Rh+) and the absence of antigen D indicates a blood type that is Rh negative (Rh-) B. Perform the procedure for typing blood (artificial blood and 3-well plate will be used) Õ plasma contains antibodies (agglutinins) that will attack the antigens on red blood cells that are “foreign” Õ when antibodies attack it leads to clumping or agglutination of cells and may lead to hemolysis (lysing of red blood cells) Õ this is a cross-reaction and an example of what could occur if donor and recipient blood types do not matchWCJC Biology 2402 Rev 082110 PAGE 10 Õ typing of blood involves exposure of sample blood to antibodies Õ if a reaction (clumping and aggluntination) occurs, then that indicates that the antigen is present. B. Interpret the results. Rxn=agglutination, No Rxn=no reaction Draw a picture in each box showing the result. Write down the blood type of each. Sample Anti-A antibody Anti-B antibody Anti-D antibody Blood TypeJames Rxn No Rxn Rxn Susan Rxn No Rxn No Rxn Alicia No Rxn Rxn Rxn John No Rxn Rxn No Rxn Kate Rxn Rxn Rxn Mike Rxn Rxn No Rxn Ann No Rxn No Rxn Rxn Liz No Rxn No Rxn No Rxn In addition to the general goals above, specific anatomical structures that the student must be able to identify are listed below. A few select structures may be added to the list at the discretion of the instructor.BloodDescription PageFormed Elements:121-123I. erythrocytes (red blood cells)II. leukocytes (white blood cells) A. granulocytes 1. neutrophil 2. eosinophil 3. basophil B. agranuloctyes 1. lymphocyte 2. monocyteIII. plateletsWCJC Biology 2402 Rev 082210 PAGE