WFB 232 IchthyologyIchthyology assignment #1Due Mon Jan. 31Taxonomic nomenclaturePick a fish species in Vermont, and fill in the following information for it:Common name _______________________ alternate common name ____________________Order ______________________________Family _____________________________Genus, and species, with name of its discoverer, and date (using correct format for this information) _____________________________________________________________________a junior synonym with the name of its discoverer____________________________________Another family in the same order __________________________________Fin structure (spines and rays) of this species in standard notation____________________________________________________________________________Suggested resources:Langdon, R. W., M. T. Ferguson, and K. M. Cox. 2006. Fishes of Vermont. Vermont Agency ofNatural Resources, Waterbury, VTScott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 184:966pp. Page, L. M. and B. M. Burr. 1991. A Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes (a Peterson Field Guide).Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. Becker, G. C. 1983. Fishes of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison WISmith, C. Lavett. 1986. Fishes of New York. Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany NYWFB 232 IchthyologyWhich of the following fish is described by D1 VI (V-VII); D2 I + 14-16 (13-16); A 1 + 11-13 (11-14); P 18-19 (17-20).WFB 232 Ichthyology Order assignments – first order due Mon Jan. 26For each order you have been assigned, summarize the following details on NO MORE than one page (see example). This may be easy with some orders (there may only be a few species in the entire order) or may be very challenging when there are dozens of families. In the latter case, you need to summarize the information by finding generalities among the diversity of species in the order.NOTE: if you use material from any of the resources verbatim, use quotes and cite the source; review the plagiarism rules on the syllabus.Name – what does the name mean? (Latin or Greek roots of the name)Taxonomic status – Superclass, Class, Order, number of families and genera, representative families (with common names if they exist), familiar or notable genera or species (common names ) in each family, local species (if any)Description – general description of body type, unusual characteristics; describe what particular characters link the species in this order and differentiate them from other ordersHabitat – fresh or salt water, lakes or rivers, deep or shallowDistribution – summarize the global range of the orderEcology and life history – foraging mode, unusual species or habitat interactionsAdditional details – any unusual or interesting characteristics of this order; any interaction with humans (harvested, used in aquaria, dangerous, etc.)Recent research – find and cite a paper that has been written about one or more of the species inthis orderReferences used – cite the sources you consulted to obtain your informationSuggested resources:Paxton, J. R. and W. N. Eshmeyer. 1998. Encyclopedia of fishes 2nd ed. Academic Press.Moyle, P. B. and J. J Cech. 2000. Fishes, an Introduction to Ichthyology. Prentice HallNelson, J. S. 1994. Fishes of the World. 3rd. ed. Wiley and Sons, New York.Scott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 184:966pp. www.fishbase.comWFB 232 IchthyologyMyxiniformes (Greek myx-, ‘slime’)Taxomony: Superclass Agnatha – jawless fishesClass Myxini - hagfishesOrder MyxiniformesFamily Myxinidae5 genera, ~ 40 speciesDescription: most primitive vertebrates: degenerate eyes, cartilaginous skeleton, no vertebrae, no lateral line, jawless, anguilliform shapegill openings, no paired fins; vestigial caudal fin; 3 pairs of barbels around mouthisoosmotic (body fluids at same salinity as ocean)no larval stage (that has been found)structurally, but not functionally, hermaphroditicHabitat: Mostly soft bottom habitatDistribution: marine, temperate zone, intertidal to 5,000 m, mostly 25-1,500 m depthsEcology and life history: little known of life cycle; produce few, large eggs scavengers on dead fish; remove flesh with toothed tongue, may slide a knot along their body to apply pressure on carcassburrow in soft sediments; often found within fish carcassesAdditional details: Economically important, used for leather and food in AsiaExude extremely large quantities of slime (“myxin”)First fossil evidence: Carboniferous, ~340 – 290 MYAReferences used:Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes, 2nd. ed. Saunders College Publishing, Fort WorthMoyle, P. B. and J. J Cech. 2000. Fishes, an Introduction to Ichthyology. Prentice HallPaxton, J. R. and W. N. Eschmeyer. 1998. Encyclopedia of fishes 2nd ed. Academic Press.WFB 232 IchthyologyPetromyzontiformes (Greek petro- (rock) and –myzo (suck))Taxonomy: Superclass Agnatha - jawless fishesClass CephalaspidomorphiOrder Petromyzontiformes - lampreysFamilies Petromyzontidae8 genera, ~ 40 speciesVT species: Ichthyomyzon – single dorsal fin (silver lamprey, northern brook lamprey) Petromyzon – two dorsal fins (sea lamprey) Lampetra – fewer circumoral teeth (American brook lamprey)Description: primitive, jawless, cartilaginous, anguilliform fishes with no scales or paired fins, one or two dorsal fins and caudal fin, gill pores or slits; vertebrae presentLarvae are a few centimeters long, lack well-developed eye; adults may reach 0.6 mMouth of adults is a suction disk with circumoral teeth for attachment, and a few, large, rasping teeth on a ‘tongue’Unlike Myxini, they have two semicircular canals, lateral line system, well developed eyes in adultsHabitat: Anadromous or in streamsDistribution: N. and S. America, Australia, New Zealand, EuropeEcology and life history: Long larval stage (ammocoetes) in freshwater streams (2-7 years), followed byshort adult stage in fresh or salt water (1 month - 2 years)Highly fecund (60,000 -300,000 eggs)Larval forms generally detritus feeders; adults may be parasitic on fish, or non-feedingParasitic species undergo metamorphosis, feed in fresh or salt water as juveniles, then return to streams as adults to spawn. Non-parasitic species are stream-resident, do not feed after metamorphosis, and spawn soon after metamorphosisParasitic form appears to be the ancestral typeSome Australian species are predatory