An Introduction to Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design with UML and the Unified Process McGraw-Hill, 2004 Stephen R. Schach [email protected] 19Chapter OverviewDefinitionsFiles and Their ProblemsFiles and Their Problems (contd)Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18TablesTables (contd)Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Traditional Database SystemsTraditional Database Systems (contd)Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Object-Oriented Database SystemsObject-Oriented Database Systems (contd)Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Database Design and the Unified ProcessSlide 43Future of O-O Database Management SystemsSlide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 19.1Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. An Introduction toObject-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design with UML and the Unified Process McGraw-Hill, 2004Stephen R. [email protected] 19.2Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 19INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSSlide 19.3Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter OverviewFiles and Their ProblemsTablesTraditional Database SystemsObject-Oriented Database SystemsDatabase Design and the Unified ProcessThe Future of Object-Oriented Database Management SystemsSlide 19.4Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. DefinitionsDatabase–A collection of data records organized to facilitate the storage and retrieval of the data by information systemsDatabase management system–The software that runs a databaseSlide 19.5Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their ProblemsThe mailing list for STAMbury Philatelic Society (STAMPS) Version 1: Typewriter–Data are volatile–This approach is totally unacceptableSlide 19.6Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Version 2: Computer filesTwo independent programs–Program A: Writes name and address data to disk–Program B: Prints mailing labels from the file dataSlide 19.7Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Deployment diagram of a computer and its diskSlide 19.8Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Version 3: Program A needs to be modified–Members resign–Members change their names and addresses, –New members joinProgram A needs to be a CRUD program–Create–Read–Update and –DeleteProgram B is unchangedSlide 19.9Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Statechart for Version 3Slide 19.10Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Typical data used by Program BSlide 19.11Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Topical (or thematic) stamp collectors–Collect stamps relating to a specific topicSTAMPS members collect stamps that depict–Chess games–Fictional detectives–ElephantsSlide 19.12Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Version 4: STAMPS now wants to send out separate mailings to members of the three topical groupsAlternative 1:–Program A is changed to incorporate topical interests–Program B is modified accordinglySlide 19.13Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)The topical collecting interests of six members of STAMPSSlide 19.14Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Alternative 2:–Do not change Program A or Program B–Divide the data file into three separate files,one for each topical groupSlide 19.15Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Separate files for each topical groupSlide 19.16Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Problem 1:–A mailing to all members of stamps can lead to duplication or triplication»Example: Ngaio Alleyn–Redundant informationSlide 19.17Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Problem 2:–A change of address may require changes to more than one file»Example: Ngaio Alleyn–Update anomalySlide 19.18Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Files and Their Problems (contd)Problem 3:–Deletion from a topical group may result in removal from the STAMPS database»Example: Dorothy Wimsey–Deletion anomalySlide 19.19Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. TablesMembership list table incorporating membership numberSlide 19.20Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)Membership tables for the three topical groupsSlide 19.21Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)This solves all three problemsProblem 1: –To send a mailing to all members, extract (unique) data from the membership list table–Program B requires minor changes to handle membership numbersSlide 19.22Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)Problem 2: –A change of address is made to the (unique) entry in the membership list tableSlide 19.23Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)Problem 3: –A deletion from the membership table of a topical group does not change the membership list table entrySlide 19.24Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)To print mailing labels for just the members of one topical group, modify Program B to –Read each membership number from the membership list of that topical group, and–Look up the corresponding name and address in the membership list tableSlide 19.25Copyright © 2004 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tables (contd)The information system can be