HIST 106 1nd Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I Reconstructing the Union II KKK III Election of 1860 IV Civil War V Industrial Revolution Outline of Current Lecture II Immigrants III Industrial Revolution IV Communism Socialism V Unions Current Lecture Immigrants 15 of the American population were immigrants More immigrants in the North than in the South They bring energy food social customs new words Immigrants are one generation only The only thing they had to change was language The main state of immigration right after civil war protestant from Northern Europe Immigrants from Southern Europe largely catholic They came to better their lives They came for o economics o social equality o technology 1862 Congress gives away free land in the West to prevent the South from claiming the land We want fewer slave states after the Civil War 1862 United Pacific built a railroad to Nebraska From the center of the US to California we have a transcontinental railroad Wealthy are getting wealthier poor are getting poorer Immigrants make 1 25 a week These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Industrial Revolution Social Darwinism explains why some are rich and some are poor make as much money as quickly as you can raised the principal survival of the fittest Communism Socialism turn everything around Socialism Government control economy Communism Promise to make the poor richer and the rich poorer Karl Marx 1848 o Wrote The Communist Manifesto o German sociologist economist philospher o He says history moves in waves o Primitive man Tribal man Fuedel man Slave owner Factory owner The new man o Materialism God plays no part o Religion has not fallen away as Karl Marx assumed o He never foresaw that the working class would be voting o He said the world would become a communists where people wouldn t steal from each other Unions Jobs becoming monotonous Business cycles are going up and down Wages are unsteady and mainly going down Everybody in the family is able to work and family life is changing 1865 first Union starts 1866 first significant Union starts by William Sylvis The Knights of Labor in 1869 o Uri Stephens o Terence Powderly o They wanted a single nationwide union of unskilled and skilled laborers o Their ideas took of o 1886 it started to collapse because of a series of unsuccessful strikes o The public saw them as too violent o They had confusion of aims o Fell apart because of the Hay Market Square Riot New Union American Federation of Labor o Founded by Samuel Gompers o Samuel disregarded immigrants and unskilled workers claiming they were too hard to organize and unworthy of membership o Accepted the wage system o workers had 8 hour days as result of Carnegie Strike o By 1900 we have an 8 hour day Management has a yellow dog contract o Employees won t join unions Management has black list o List of union people won t be hired The Injunction o argue that the strike afects the system The Open Shop o no one will join union The Company Police o Henry Ford was famous for having a large company police Strike Breakers o scab labor Unions have Picketing Strike I m not working Boycotting getting people to not buy certain products People worked 12 18 hour work days They want safe sanitary conditions They want government to look out for them They want ambulation of child labor They want workers compensation They want some sort of collective bargaining 1898 Utah Law that establishes work hours to children 1908 Supreme Court upheld a law that created a maximum hour from women workers National Labor Union of 1866 They talked about elimination of monopoly Wanted to get rid of immigrant labor Talked about a 10 hour day Failed because of their emphases on skilled labor