ASTR 101 Deming Spring 2002 EXAM IMULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (2 pts. each)Choose the BEST answer using what you have learned in ASTR 101. Indicateyour choice on the scantron sheet.1. The planet that did not seem to fit well into either the jovian group or theterrestrial group wasA. MercuryB. VenusC. UranusD. NeptuneE. Pluto2. The “Powers of Ten” video shown in class and the “Introductory Chapter”in the textbook represent our galaxy as having _____________________ shape.A. a spiralB. an ellipticalC. a circularD. a star-shapedE. an unknown3. In the future, an astronaut on the Moon looks at the Earth and observesthat the Earth’s phase is first quarter. What is the phase of the Moon as seenfrom Earth?A. newB. first quarterC. gibbousD. crescentE. last quarter4. If a lunar eclipse occurs and is visible from College Park,A. it must be night and new moon.B. it must be night and full moon.C. it must be day and new moon.D. it must be day and full moon.E. the Moon must rise at midnight.5. The Earth's Moon is said to be in synchronous rotation. What does thisterm mean?A. The Moon does not rotate; it only revolves.B. The Moon only rotates; it doesn't revolve.C. The Moon rotates once per revolution,D. The motion of the Moon is synchronized with the motions of themoons of outer planets.E. The times of moonrise and moonset are so accurate that you cansynchronize your watch by them.6. In the diagram below, the star labeled ___________ is Polaris, the NorthStar.DIAGRAM WILL BE PROVIDED IN DISCUSSION SECTION7. Kepler's third law states that the relationship between orbital period andsemimajor axis of the orbit of a planet is P2 = a3. To use this equation aswritten P must be expressed in _____ and a must be expressed in _____.A. perihelion; aphelionB. years; kilometersC. days; kilometersD. years; astronomical unitsE. days; astronomical units 8. Which of the following statements is NOT true of circumpolar stars?A. They neither rise nor set.B. They are always near the zenith.C. Over 24 hours they circle around the NCP (or SCP).D. They are always above the horizon.E. As your latitude increases, there are more circumpolar stars.9. How were the five naked eye planets noticed and recognized by ancientastronomers?A. These planets are the five brightest objects in the night sky.B. Planets are observed to "twinkle."C. Planets were observed to move with respect to the stars.D. The epicycle of each planet is easily visible.E. These planets always were observed to lie on the celestial equator.10. The 5,200 year old tomb at Newgrange in Ireland shows an alignmentwithA. the sun on the winter solstice.B. the zenith passage of Polaris.C. the moon on the vernal equinox.D. the sun on the vernal equinox.E. the North Celestial Pole.11. What is meant by differentiation of a planet?A. This term comes from calculus and was used by Newton to deriveKepler's laws.B. This term is used to describe the list of differences between theplanets.C. Each planet is unique.D. This process leads directly to the formation of satellites.E. During formation, the densest materials sank toward the core ofeach planet.12. The declination of a star refers to its position from theA. zenith.B. ecliptic.C. celestial equator.D. vernal equinox.E. autumnal equinox.13. Planets near the Sun are composed of mainly rock and iron. How doessolar system formation theory account for this?A. The Sun's magnetic field attracted all of the iron in the nebulatoward the inner solar system.B. The forming sun's heat prevented other substances such as ices tocondense near it.C. The planets that today are far from the Sun were captured.D. The planets that today are near the Sun were captured.E. All of the planets were captured, so the densest ones are closest tothe Sun due to gravity.14. The numerous craters that we see on the solid surfaces of Mercury andthe Moon are evidence thatA. these bodies were so hot after they formed that volcanoes werewidespread.B. the Sun was so hot that it melted these bodies and made them boilforming craters.C. these bodies were originally a mix of water and rock, and as thewater boiled hollow pockets were created in the rock.D. they were bombarded early during their history by debris leftoverfrom formation.E. plate tectonics occurred on both of these worlds.15. The Giant Impact Theory described in class accounts for theA. formation of the Pacific Ocean.B. extinction of the dinosaurs.C. formation of the Sun and planets.D. formation of the Earth’s Moon.E. beginning of the Universe.16. We know a lot about the Earth’s interior primarily fromA. the study of seismic waves.B. deep mines dug to explore the mantle and core.C. studying faults (cracks) in the Earth’s crust.D. sea floor drilling.E. the book “A Journey to the Center of the Earth” by Jules Verne.17. Suppose that you are sitting in a boat floating in the middle of an ocean.You just catch sight of Polaris near the horizon. You know that your location isA. near the North Pole.B. near the South Pole.C. near the equator.D. near latitude 39 degrees north.E. near latitude 39 degrees south.18. The Voyager I space probe has reached the speed necessary to escapefrom the Sun's gravity. It currently is 10 billion kilometers from Earth. Itsengine suddenly malfunctions and is no longer operational. What wouldhappen next to Voyager I?A. It will stop immediately.B. It will slow down and quickly come to a stop.C. It will slow down and be pulled back toward the Sun.D. It will continue to move at the same speed in a straight line.E. It will continue to move but be drawn into a large elliptical orbitaround the Sun.19. The Apollo astronauts on the Moon (as shown in the video in class) worespacesuits because they neededA. protection from the harsh conditions found on the Moon.B. oxygen to breathe since the Moon has no atmosphere.C. a heavy spacesuit to prevent them from floating since the Moon hasno gravity.D. all of the above answers are correctE. only answers A and B are correct20. Which of the following could NEVER be seen from College Park atmidnight?A. MercuryB. MarsC. JupiterD. a waxing gibbous moonE. a waning gibbous moon21. According to Kepler's model of the solar system, retrograde motion iscaused byA. epicycles.B. the Earth's rotation.C. the difference in orbital speed of Earth and other planets.D. the changing speed of the Sun.E. the daily