11Announcements 10/03/11 Check course calendar– Find link to lesson(s) for the week– Check out assignments Course Pack should be available beforeThursday at UBS.– Spectral analysis (preparatory work + exercise)– Print your own copies for color Will get “real” star finder on Tuesday (pleasereturn card-stock ones to TA) Open House Jacobsen Observatory - Weds.9 pm (7 pm is full) - if clear!2Loose ends - Sky View Cafe3Loose Ends - Quarks4 Distinguish among the following kinds of energykineticthermalgravitational potentialelectric potentialradiativemass energy Give examples of how energy is conserved.Learning goalsLearning goalsMATTER AND ENERGYMATTER AND ENERGY25The Atom + isotopes & ionsAn atom that has lost 1 or more electrons6Nomenclature you need to knowAstronomers note how many electrons the atom haslost through Roman numerals.H I = neutral hydrogenHe II = singly ionized heliumCa II = singly ionized calciumFe IV = iron atom has lost 3 electronsFe XII = iron atom has lost ___?___ electrons___?___ = oxygen atom missing 2 electrons7States of matter8Video taken by satellite STEREOPLASMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Encke_tail_rip_off.ogg39Kinetic vs Gravitational PotentialKE = ½ mv2GPE = mghEnergy10ThermalEnergyThermal energy is a measure of the average kinetic energyof a system of particles.11RadiativeElectric PotentialEnergy+ -12Gravitational PotentialvsElectric PotentialEnergy413E = mc2Mass EnergyMass EnergySunSun’’s s CoreCoreFusionFusionFission14Learning Goals Relate each of Newton’s laws of motion toterrestrial and celestial events Demonstrate knowledge of how the force ofgravity depends on the masses of the objectsand the distance between them throughmathematical analysis. Explain what we mean by conservation ofangular momentumNewtonNewton’’s Laws of motion + Gravitys Laws of motion + Gravity15Newton’s 1st Law of Motion An object resists its change in state: an object atrest stays at rest and an object in motion stays inmotion unless acted upon by an outside force.Relate each of Newton’s laws of motion to terrestrial and celestial eventsTerrestrial exampleCelestial example16Newton’s 2nd Law: a = F/mTerrestrial exampleRelate each of Newton’s laws of motion to terrestrial and celestial eventsCelestial example517Newton’s 3rd lawFor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.Terrestrial exampleRelate each of Newton’s laws of motion to terrestrial and celestial events18How gravitygravity “works”! Fgravity= Gm1m2d22RMmGFg=19Inertia as experienced bya sperm whale and abowl of petunias! F "MmR2a =Fm"MmR21m"MR2g = GMR2weight = mgWhale weighs a lot more!Experiences a much greaterforce of gravity. Why, then,would the whale and bowl ofpetunias fall at sameacceleration? (They alsohave same velocity whenthey hit, but NOT the samekinetic energy.)20Conservation of ANGULAR
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