DOC PREVIEW
MSU ISB 202 - ISB202_Ex3RubricF08

This preview shows page 1-2 out of 5 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 5 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

1Name:______________________________________________ISB 202 November 25, 2008 Midterm Examination III (39 pts)Part I. Multiple Choice – 2 pts each. Please use the Bubble Sheet.• The multiple choice questions are all at the front of the exam.• If you wish to justify a choice, please put a * plus the number of the question and the justification on the front of theAnswer Sheet in the box provided.[11/8, Obj 1,2 - 2 pts]1) By reference to the tree to the right, which of the followingis an accurate statement of relationships?a. A seal is more closely related to a horse than to a whaleb. A seal is more closely related to a whale than to a horsec. A seal is equally related to a horse and a whaled. A seal is related to a whale, but is not related to a horse[11/8, Obj 1,2,4 - 8 pts]Use the phylogenetic tree on the right to answer questions 2-5.Source:http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/081101_hivorigins• HIV refers to human immunodeficiency virus; SIV refers tosimian immunodeficiency virus.• The word “simian” refers to the taxonomic group thatincludes monkeys, apes, and humans. In this phylogenetictree, however, simian refers to a virus obtained from a non-human primate.• Each virus on the phylogenetic tree is labeled by the nameof the strain as well as the host from which it was obtained.Anything other than “human”• HIV-1 and HIV-2 are different strains of the HIV virus• HIV-1/M, HIV-1/N, HIV-1/O refer to an even finer divisionof strains within the HIV-1 strain.Questions 2 and 3: Used the following foilsa. chimpanzee SIVb. human HIV-1/Nc. human HIV-1/Od. sooty magabey SIVe. human HIV-2/B2) Which virus is the closest relative of the human HIV-1/M virus? a) chimpanzee SIV3) Which virus is the closest relative of the human HIV-2/A virus? d) sooty mangabey SIVQuestions 4 and 5: Used the following foils:a. 0b. 1c. 2d. 3e. 4According to this tree:4) how many times did HIV-1 viruses originate from simian-to-human transmission events? d) 35) how many times did HIV-2 viruses originate from simian-to-human transmission events? c) 22[10/30, Obj 5 - 2 pts]6) If a trait is adaptive, by definition, it:a. increases the fitness of the individual who possesses the traitb. decreases the fitness of the individual who possesses the traitc. does not predictably change the fitness of the individual who possesses the traitd. allows the individual who possesses the trait to live longere. allows the individual who possesses the trait to appear more attractive to a potential mate[10/30, Obj 5; 11/20, Obj. 2, 4 - 2 pts]7) According to the process of natural selection, how did exotic plants most likely come to produce novel toxic biochemicalsthat improved their competitive ability when they invaded a new habitat?a. Invading exotic plants needed to change in order to survive, so beneficial new traits developed.b. Mutations occurred in the invading exotics so they could adapt and succeed in the new environment.c. Variations in chemicals released by exotic species occurred by chance, and then in the new environment exoticsproduced more offspring that survived and reproduced compared to native species.[11/18, Obj 4, 5 - 4 pts]Figure A Figure BFor questions 8–9, b = per capita birth rate, d = per capita death rate, and r = intrinsic growth rate of a population:8. For Figure A, what is the relationship between birth rates and death rates for all populations?)a. b = db. b > dc. b < dd. There is not enough information to determine the relationship9. For Figure B, at carrying capacity, what is r equal to?a. 0b. r > 0c. r < 0d. There is not enough information to determine the value.Part II. Short Answers: Use the Answer Sheet![11/4 Obj. 2; 11/6 Obj. 1,2 - 6 pts] Answer sheet10. A highway is constructed through a wilderness area in Alaska. Give an example of a species that would have a highprobability of eventual speciation because of the highway. Give an example of a species that would be much less likely toundergo speciation because of the highway. Explain your choices and make sure your answers indicate what is required forspeciation to occur.a. What is required for speciation to occur? (2 pts) The process of speciation begins with reduced gene flow betweensubpopulations of a population, and the ends when there is no geneflow between the two subpopulations, which are nowconsidered two different species. So, in this example highway represents a potential mechanism for reducing geneflow3between individuals that used to breed with each other; given the highway, there's reduced geneflow between individualsthat live on opposite sides of the highwayb. Give an example of a species that would be very unlikely to undergo speciation because of the highway and explainwhy, given your response to part a. (2 pts) If the highway can reduce geneflow between individuals on different sides ofthe highway, the speciation may occur. This is going to be less likely for species for which the highway does not act as abarrier, for example, medium and larger animals like deer, raccoons, courgar, elk, bears….also not likely for birds thatcould fly over the highway…. Also not likely for plants who have pollinators that would cross the highway easily.c. Give an example of a species that would have a high probability of eventual speciation because of the highway andexplain why, given your response to part a. (2 pts) If the highway can reduce geneflow between individuals on differentsides of the highway, the speciation may occur. This is going to be more likely for species for which the highway will actas a barrier, for example, smaller animals and ones that are more sessile (not as mobile)… like snails? Ants? Pill bugs?Also, plants that don't use pollinators.[11/4 Obj. 2,3 - 3 pts]11. The figures below are typical examples showing the relationship between biodiversity (measured as number ofspecies) and area.a) In one sentence, describe the pattern in the graphs (i.e., interpret the data). (1 pt) “With increased area (orhabitat), there is greater biodiversity, but the relationship tapers off at larger areas”…or…”Area (or Habitat) andbiodiversity are positively related, but above a certain size of area, the number of new species declines”….i.e., therelationship saturates above some threshold area size.b) Explain the ecological and/or evolutionary bases for this relationship. (2 pts)Possible explanations: 1) With increased area, there is greater


View Full Document

MSU ISB 202 - ISB202_Ex3RubricF08

Documents in this Course
33

33

2 pages

lecture13

lecture13

10 pages

Cloning

Cloning

3 pages

lecture23

lecture23

10 pages

17

17

2 pages

lecture5

lecture5

10 pages

13

13

3 pages

36

36

2 pages

05

05

2 pages

02

02

3 pages

Load more
Download ISB202_Ex3RubricF08
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view ISB202_Ex3RubricF08 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view ISB202_Ex3RubricF08 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?