1What Everyone Should Know about Evolution and Creationism• Science is a way of discovering the causes of physical processes - the best way yet conceived. • Scientific theories are critically tested and well supported ideas about the causes of physical processes.• Science depends upon intellectual honesty –putting aside preconceptions and evaluating the evidence on its merits• Evolution is a scientific theory• Evolution is an explanation of the similarities and differences of living things in terms of physical processes - genetics, biochemistry, development, physiology, ecology, mutation, natural selection.• The idea that evolution has occurred has been compared with a vast amount of data from biology, paleontology, geology, chemistry, and physics - it has not been found wanting.• Within the fields of science, the theory of evolution is accepted - it is not controversial.2Scientific Organizations That have Issued Statements in Support of Evolution:• Academy Of Science Of The Royal Society Of Canada• Alabama Academy Of Science• American Anthropological Association• American Anthropological Association • American Association For The Advancement Of Science• American Association Of Physical Anthropologists• American Astronomical Society• American Geophysical Union• American Institute Of Biological Sciences• American Astronomical Society• American Society Of Biological Chemists• American Chemical Society• American Geological Institute• American Psychological Association• American Physical Society• American Society Of Parasitologists• Association for Women Geoscientists• Australian Academy of Science • California Academy Of Sciences• Ecological Society of America• Genetics Society of America• Geological Society Of America• Geological Society of Australia • Georgia Academy Of Science • History of Science Society• Iowa Academy Of Science • Kentucky Academy Of Science• Kentucky Paleontological Society• Louisiana Academy Of Sciences• National Academy Of Sciences• North American Benthological Society• North Carolina Academy Of Science• New Orleans Geological Society• New York Academy Of Sciences• Ohio Academy Of Science• Ohio Math and Science Coalition • Oklahoma Academy Of Sciences• Sigma Xi, Louisiana State University Chapter• Society For Amateur Scientists• Society For Integrative and Comparative Biology• Society For The Study Of Evolution• Society Of Systematic Biologists• Society Of Vertebrate Paleontology• Southern Anthropological Society• Virginia Academy Of Science • West Virginia Academy Of ScienceWhat Everyone Should Know about Evolution and Creationism• Within the mainstream branches of religion, the theory of evolution is not controversial.3Religious Organizations That Have Issued Statements in Support of the Scientific Theory of Evolution:• American Jewish Congress• Center For Theology And The Natural Sciences• Central Conference Of American Rabbis• Episcopal Bishop Of Atlanta• General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church• The General Convention Of The Episcopal Church• Lexington Alliance Of Religious Leaders• The Lutheran World Federation• Roman Catholic Church• Unitarian Universalist Association• United Church Board For Homeland Ministries• United Methodist Church• United Presbyterian Church In The U.S.A.Source: “Voices for Evolution” - National Center for Science Education http://www.ncseweb.org/• The idea that evolution has produced biological diversity is opposed by fundamentalist and evangelical branches of Christianity - They insist that the Bible is literally correct or they insist man is a special case and could not have evolved.– A modern world was created in six days– Eve was created from Adam’s rib– Noah saved one pair of each kind of animal– ...• Most branches of Christianity allow interpretation of the Bible from a modern point of view.4Pope John Paul II - Address to the Pontifical Academy Oct 22 1996Today, almost half a century after the publication of the Encyclical, fresh knowledge has led to the recognition that evolution is more than a hypothesis. It is indeed remarkable that this theory has been progressively accepted by researchers, following a series of discoveries in various fields of knowledge. The convergence, neither sought nor fabricated, of the results of work that was conducted independently is in itself a significantargument in favour of this theory. Pope Benedict XVI – On evolution and creationism –This clash (between evolution and creationism) is an absurdity because on the one hand there is much scientific proof in favor of evolution, which appears as a reality that we must see and whichenriches our understanding of life and being as such.• Opponents of the scientific theory of evolution are trying to remove evolution from, or insert creationism into, the curriculum of primary and secondary schools by making it a political issue.– Controlling or influencing school boards– Controlling or influencing state legislatures– Influencing public opinion5• Acceptance or rejection of scientific theories is not a political issue.• Scientists do not vote on which theories to accept.• Scientific ideas are accepted and become “theories”when they stand up to critical testing. They are rejected when contrary evidence is found.• Scientists try to identify critical contrary evidence.• If there was evidence against evolution, scientists of all religious persuasions, would be telling each other about it in their scientific journals. They are not.• Those opposed to the theory of evolution have tried to invent a field called “creation science.”• Creation science has been pushed as a “scientific”alternative to evolution that should be taught in science classes.• State and Federal courts have evaluated the field of creation science, and have found that it is not science.• Federal courts concluded that creation science advocated a particular branch of Christianity. • Therefore, teaching creation as advocated by “creation science” in public schools violates the First Amendment of the US Constitution, which guarantees freedom of religion through a separation of church and state.6• The latest strategy to attempt to cast doubt on what is known about evolution is called “Intelligent Design Theory.”– Many structures are too complex to have evolved.– Therefore,