CUNY SCR 270 - Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable Diseases

Unformatted text preview:

Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable DiseasesTerminologyAnencephalyEncephaloceleSPINA BIFIDAFetal Development: Neural tubeSpina Bifida OccultaOccultaPowerPoint PresentationSlide 10Spina Bifida CysticaSB Cystica: MeningoceleCysticaMeningocele (continued)Slide 15SB Cystica: MyelomeningoceleMyelomeningoceleSlide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Talipes equinus (pigeon toes)Orthopedic problemsSlide 24SurgeryCompleted RepairSlide 27Arnold-Chiari malformationSlide 29VesicostomySlide 31Ileal-conduitMeningocele and MyelomeningoceleSlide 34Slide 35Possible complications (post-ileal conduit)HYDROCEPHALUSSlide 38EtiologyHydrocephalusOverall Hydrocephalus2 types of hydrocephalus: Non-communicating & communicatingCAT ScanSlide 44S/S of HydrocephalusSlide 46Slide 47Slide 48Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51Untreated hydrocephalus in older child:Posturing with Increasing Neurological DamageDiagnosing HydrocephalusInterventionsInterventions (cont)Slide 57Slide 58VP versus VA shuntsSlide 60Complications of shunt placementExternalizing Shunt –drain similar to this drain for subdural hematoma.Slide 63Pre-op Nursing CarePre-op Nursing Care (cont.)Post-Op Nursing CareSlide 67Slide 68SPINAL CORD INJURYSlide 70Slide 71Slide 72Spinal Cord InjuryMotor NeuronMotor Neuron InvolvementSlide 76Slide 77Spinal Cord Injury: OverallSlide 79Slide 80Effects of the Spinal Cord InjuryAssessment of Spinal Cord InjuryS/S: STAGES OF RESPONSE TO SPINAL CORD INJURYS/S: STAGES OF RESPONSE TO SPINAL CORD INJURY (cont)S/S: STAGES OF RESPONSE TO SPINAL CORD INJURY (cont.)Slide 86S/S: STAGES OF RESPONSE TO SPINAL CORD INJURY (STAGE II cont.)S/S: STAGES OF RESPONSE TO SPINAL CORD INJURY (Stage II cont.)Slide 89Management of Spinal Cord InjuryCervical Traction DevicesHalo TractionSlide 93Slide 94SUPPORTIVE AND REHABILITATION MEASURESPhrenic Nerve StimulatorSlide 97Management of Spinal Cord Injury Elimination (Acute Phase of Spinal Shock)Slide 99Slide 100Slide 101Slide 102LEAD POISIONINGLead PoisoningStatistics: Income & Race/EthnicityStatistics: NYC trends 1995-2007Lead PoisoningSlide 108Slide 109ChoreaSlide 111Lead Poisoning: DiagnosticsSlide 113Slide 114Slide 115Sources of Lead PoisoningTREATMENT: Lead PoisoningSlide 118Slide 119Slide 120Slide 121Slide 122BOTTOM LINE………..ORAL TherapySlide 125NURSING CARE: Lead PoisoningNursing Care: Lead PoisoningSlide 128CEREBRAL PALSYCerebral PalsySlide 131Slide 132Slide 133Classification of CPSlide 135Slide 136Slide 137Slide 138Slide 139Slide 140Slide 141“MENTAL RETARDATION” new diagnosis: INTELLIGENT DISABILITYIntelligent DisabilityIntelligent DisabilitySlide 145Slide 146Intelligent Disability?Slide 148Management: Intelligent DisabilitySlide 150REYE SYNDROMEReye SyndromeSlide 153Slide 154Review of IVFIntelligent Disability (Mental Retardation)Werdnig-Hoffmann DiseaseSlide 158Slide 159Diagnosis: Werdnig-Hoffmann DiseasePectus ExcavatumSlide 162INFECTIOUS & COMMUNICABLE DISEASESOTITIS MEDIAAcute Otitis MediaSlide 166Acute Otitis Media: S/SOtitis Media with Effusion (OME) or Serous Otitis MediaOTITIS MEDIA: DiagnosisOTITIS MEDIA: TreatmentRUBEOLARUBEOLA = MeaslesSlide 173Slide 174KOPLIK SPOTSRUBEOLA: TreatmentRubeolaSlide 178VARICELLASlide 180CHICKENPOXSlide 182Slide 183Slide 184Slide 185ChickenpoxSlide 187HERPES ZOSTER (SHINGLES)SHINGLESSCARLET FEVERSlide 191Slide 192Slide 193Slide 194Slide 195“STRAWBERRY TONGUE”MENINGITISSlide 198Slide 199Slide 200Brudzinski’s SignKernig’s SignSlide 203THE END!!!Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable DiseasesByProf. Hidle and Prof. DillonUpdated Spring 2010TerminologyAnencephaly: no brain, brainstem activity only. Not compatible with lifeEncephalocele: rare neural tube defects characterized by sac-like protrusions at the base of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull. Microencephaly or microcephaly: small head secondary to inadequate brain growth. Usually mental retardationMacroencephaly or macrocephaly: large head secondary to swelling or fluid around the brain or in the ventricles. Usually mental retardationHydrocephaly: accumulation of CSF in the brain usually secondary to obstruction of pathway or a production/re-absorption problemSpina bifida: malformation of the spine usually secondary to fuse in the lumbar or lumbosacral area, but could be found anywhereAnencephalyEncephaloceleSPINA BIFIDA DescriptionCentral nervous system (CNS) defect that occurs as a result of neural tube failure to close during embryonic developmentAssociated deficits include sensory or motor disturbance, dislocated hips, and club feet and hydrocephalusDefect closure usually done during infancyTwo main types:Spina bifida occultaSpina bifida cysticaFetal Development: Neural tubeSpina Bifida OccultaPosterior vertebral arches fail to close in lumbosacral areaSpinal cord remains intact and usually is not visibleHidden, no herniation or bulgingDimple over areaTuft of hairSubcutaneous lipoma (fatty tumor)Portwine stain over the areaOccultaMeninges are not exposed on skin surfaceNeurological or neuromuscular deficits are not usually presentThe child may have minor orthopaedic problemsDifference in leg lengthLimp Repair is usually not necessary, but may be done surgicallySpina Bifida CysticaProtrusion of spinal cord and/or its meningesResults in incomplete closure of the vertebral and neural tubes resulting in a sac-like protrusion in the lumbar or sacral area, with varying degrees of nervous tissue involvementCan include meningocele, myelomeningocele, lipomeningocele, and lipomeningomyeloceleSB Cystica: MeningoceleProtrusion involves meninges and a sac-like cyst that contains CSF in the midline of the back (protrudes through the opening), usually in the lumbosacral areaSometimes it is covered with skinNo involvement of spinal cordNeurological deficits are usually not present Incontinence: Loss of bladder and bowel sphincter can occur with damage to the sac and infectionCysticaMeningocele (continued)Assessment:Head circumference to r/o hydrocephalus (REMEMBER, CSF involvement)Anterior fontanelTreatment:PREVENT INFECTION!Surgical closure of sac ASAP! No diapers – contamination!PREVENT RUPTURE OF SAC!Prone position (pre-op) to avoid pressure on the sac. Post-op, position in prone or semi-prone (Simms) to avoid pressure and infectionSterile NaCl moist dressings on the sac if


View Full Document

CUNY SCR 270 - Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable Diseases

Download Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable Diseases
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable Diseases and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Sensory-Perceptual Alterations and Childhood Communicable Diseases 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?