PSYC 2700 Lecture 6Outline of Last LectureI. Chess and ThomasII. Research QuestionIII. “Visual Cliff” studiesIV. Selective attention StudiesV. Elements of visual processing VI. Reaching and Understanding of Distance VII. Visual Tracking VIII. Visual Scanning strategies IX. Infant Speech perception Outline of Current LectureI. Reaching and Understanding of DistanceII. Learning “Rules of Visual TrackingIII. Reaching and visual TrackingIV. Integration of Visual ElementsV. Visual ScanningVI. “Language” in UteroVII. Infant Speech PerceptionVIII. Sensory Deprivation & Neural DegenerationIX. Emergence of Hand PreferenceCurrent LectureI. Reaching and Understanding of Distancea. Bower studied children of 6 month of age extending their arms when a toy was held in the distance, but would only grasp for the object when it was within reasonable reach. II. Learning “Rules” of Visual Trackinga. Keith Edward Nelson wanted to see if infant starting at 3 month old could track lights.b. They not only could track the light but could anticipate where the light would be next.c. Had a train on a track go through a tunnel. The children learned to expect the train to come out the other end and startled when the train came out where it just came from. III. Reaching and visual Trackinga. Von Hofsten notices that by three months they are very good at tracking, at four month they turn their shoulders and coordinate their hands. Visual acuity it very good in the first year. IV. Integration of Visual Elementsa. Lewis showed infants different faces after showing them some standard faces. Changed some features such as having one eye, lines instead of features, or the scrambled face.b. The development of a schema: theorized that infants are building up an image from the beginning of what a regular face looks like. This image initially attracts their attention, but once it is established, they look more at abnormalities. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.V. Visual Scanninga. Vurpillot had children looking for differences between photos and only after about one year of age could the children perform accurately.b. Early strategies in childhood for systematically seeking out small details only appeared at about one year.VI. “Language” in Uteroa. De Casper VII. Infant Speech Perceptiona. Eimas asked are there built in language processing skills in infancy. Presented different kinds of sounds to the one month infant. Collected different kinds of speech stimuli, and received a marked discontinuity in the sucking rate of the children showing they detected the difference.VIII. Sensory Deprivation & Neural Degenerationa. Riesen studied people who had cataract removes and had to adapt to the new clearer world. Monkeys were kept in the dark for 16 months and couldn’t function when let out.b. Then he allows light, but not pattered light in- monkeys could function to some extent.IX. Emergence of Hand Preferencea. Baldwin; Bonvillian- said infants don’t really have a distinct hand preference. But infants exposed to American sign language were showing a distinct hand preference at 8-10
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